Laser ablation behavior and mechanism of carbon/carbon composites
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摘要: 碳/碳(C/C)复合材料作为性能优良的耐烧蚀材料得到了广泛的应用,其作为抗激光烧蚀材料的潜力待被发掘。本文制备了不同密度的C/C复合材料,在无氧环境下以CO2激光器为光源,探究了高能激光与C/C复合材料之间的作用机制,系统地分析了材料的特性和激光参数不同对烧蚀表现的影响。采用三维轮廓仪对线烧蚀率进行表征。结果表明,随着烧蚀时间或激光功率的变化,C/C复合材料的烧蚀表现均为非线性变化。C/C复合材料的本征特性决定了其热量载荷。密度越高的C/C复合材料,其热量载荷越高,烧蚀性能越好。热量载荷与激光热流密度之间的关系则决定了材料的烧蚀表现,当激光的热流密度大于材料的热流载荷时,烧蚀速率会呈阶跃式攀升。
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关键词:
- 碳/碳(C/C)复合材料 /
- 激光烧蚀 /
- 烧蚀速率 /
- 机制 /
- 热量载荷
Abstract: Carbon/carbon (C/C) composites have been widely used as ablative materials with excellent performance, it has great potential to be used as laser ablation resistant material. In this paper, C/C composites with different densities were prepared. CO2 laser was used as the heat source to explore the interaction mechanism between high-energy laser and C/C composite material under oxygen-free atmosphere, and systematically analyze the influence of C/C properties and laser parameters on ablation performance. The ablation depth was characterized by 3D profilometer. The results show that the variation of C/C ablation behavior is nonlinear with the change of ablation time or laser power. Intrinsic properties of C/C composites determine the thermal load, which determines the ablative performance of C/C composites. When the laser heat flux is greater than the thermal load of the material, the linear ablation rate will rise drastically.-
Key words:
- carbon/carbon (C/C) composite /
- laser ablation /
- ablation rate /
- mechanism /
- heat flux
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表 1 碳/碳(C/C)复合材料的命名
Table 1. Naming of carbon/carbon (C/C) composites
Sample Thickness/mm Density ρ/(g·cm−3) Diameter/mm C/C-ρ1.3 5 1.3 30 C/C-ρ1.7 5 1.7 30 C/C-ρ1.9 5 1.9 30 表 2 C/C样品的密度、气孔率和表面粗糙度
Table 2. Density, opening rate and surface roughness of C/C composites
Sample C/C-ρ1.3 C/C-ρ1.7 C/C-ρ1.9 Average density/(g·cm−3) 1.28 1.70 1.87 Opening porosity/% 31.0 8.4 7.6 Surface roughness/μm 7.64 7.41 4.47 表 3 不同热流密度下C/C-ρ1.9试样烧蚀行为的相关参数
Table 3. Parameters of C/C-ρ1.9 sample ablation holes with different heat flux
500 W-5 s 500 W-100 s 2500 W-1 s Total input laser energy/J 2500 50000 2500 Heat flux/(W·mm−2) 159 159 796 Ablation depth/mm 0.020 0.109 4.114 Linear ablation rate/(mm·s−1) 4.0×10−2 0.1×10−2 4.114 -
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