Experiment study on mechanical properties of fly ash ceramsite lightweight aggregate concrete under triaxial compression
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摘要: 以粉煤灰陶粒轻骨料浸泡时间、强度等级、侧向围压为变化参数，共设计120个粉煤灰陶粒轻骨料混凝土试件进行常规三轴受压试验，研究其在三轴应力状态下的力学性能。试验观察了轻骨料混凝土的破坏过程及破坏形态，获取了三轴受力状态下的应力-应变全过程曲线，分析了各变化参数对其三轴受压力学性能的影响规律。研究结果表明：随着围压值的增大，试件破坏由竖向劈裂破坏变为斜向剪切破坏，当围压值大于12 MPa时，试件则表现为外表无明显裂缝的鼓起破坏；应力-应变曲线受围压值影响较大，受骨料浸泡时间和强度等级的影响较小，围压值大于12 MPa后，曲线不再出现下降段；峰值应力随骨料浸泡时间、强度等级、侧向围压的增大而增大；峰值应变受陶粒浸泡时间的影响不大，随强度等级的增大而减小，随围压值的增大而增大；弹性模量随强度等级和围压值的增大而增大，受骨料浸泡时间的影响不显著。Abstract: A total of 120 specimens of fly ash ceramsite lightweight aggregate concrete were designed for conventional triaxial compression tests in order to reveal the mechanical properties and behavior under complex stress conditions with ceramsite soaking time, strength level and lateral confining pressure as the changing parameters. The failure process and final failure behavior of fly ash ceramsite lightweight aggregate concrete under triaxial compression were observed, the stress-strain curves of specimens were obtained, and the influence of changing parameters on the mechanical performances was analyzed. The experimental results show that with the increase of the confining pressure, the failure behavior of fly ash ceramsite lightweight aggregate concrete changes from vertical splitting failure to oblique shear failure. When the confining pressure value is greater than 12 MPa, the specimen shows bulging failure without obvious cracks. The stress-strain curve is greatly affected by the value of confining pressure, but less affected by the immersion time and strength grade of the concrete. And after the confining pressure is greater than 12 MPa, the curve no longer has a descending section. The peak stress increases with the increase of ceramsite immersion time, strength grade and lateral confining pressure. The peak strain is not greatly affected by the soaking time of the ceramsite, it decreases with the increase of the strength grade, and increases with the increase of the confining pressure value. The elastic modulus increases with the increase of the strength grade and the confining pressure value, and is not significantly affected by the soaking time of the ceramsite.
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图 1 加载装置及加载制度
Figure 1. Test setup and specimens mechanical model
σv—Axial stress; σw—Confining pressure; σi—Target confining pressure
图 2 三轴受压下粉煤灰陶粒轻骨料混凝土试件的典型破坏形态
Figure 2. Typical failure form of fly ash ceramsite lightweight concrete specimens under triaxial compression
图 3 三轴受压下粉煤灰陶粒轻骨料混凝土应力-应变曲线
Figure 3. Stress-strain curves of fly ash ceramsite lightweight aggregate concrete under triaxial compression
图 4 粉煤灰陶粒轻骨料混凝土峰值应力的离散性
Figure 4. Dispersion of peak stress in fly ash ceramsite lightweight aggregate concrete
图 5 浸泡时间对粉煤灰陶粒轻骨料混凝土峰值应力的影响
Figure 5. Influence of soaking time on peak stress of fly ash ceramsite lightweight aggregate concrete
图 6 强度等级对粉煤灰陶粒轻骨料混凝土峰值应力的影响
Figure 6. Influence of strength grade on peak stress of fly ash ceramsite lightweight aggregate concrete
图 7 侧向围压值与粉煤灰陶粒轻骨料混凝土峰值应力的关系
Figure 7. Relationship between peak stress of fly ash ceramsite lightweight aggregate concrete and confining pressure
σ0—Peak stress under uniaxial compression
图 8 浸泡时间与粉煤灰陶粒轻骨料混凝土峰值应变的关系
Figure 8. Relationship between peak strain of fly ash ceramsite lightweight aggregate concrete and different soaking time
图 9 不同强度等级粉煤灰陶粒轻骨料混凝土峰值应变对比
Figure 9. Comparison of peak strain of fly ash ceramsite lightweight aggregate concrete under strength grades
图 10 侧向围压值与粉煤灰陶粒轻骨料混凝土峰值应变的关系
Figure 10. Relationship between peak strain of fly ash ceramsite lightweight aggregate concrete and lateral confinement
ε0—Peak strain under uniaxial compression
图 11 不同浸泡时间下粉煤灰陶粒轻骨料混凝土的弹性模量对比
Figure 11. Comparison of elastic modulus of fly ash ceramsite lightweight aggregate concrete under different soaking time
图 12 不同强度等级粉煤灰陶粒轻骨料混凝土的弹性模量比值
Figure 12. Ratio of elastic modulus of fly ash ceramsite lightweight aggregate concrete with different strength grades
图 13 侧向围压值与粉煤灰陶粒轻骨料混凝土弹性模量的关系
Figure 13. Relationship between elastic modulus of fly ash ceramsite lightweight aggregate concrete and lateral confinement
E0—Elastic modulus under uniaxial compression
表 1 粉煤灰高强陶粒的物理性能
Table 1. Physical performance of ceramsite
Fly ash content/wt% Bulk density/(kg·m−3) Cylinder compressive strength/MPa Water absorption for
1 h/%Water absorption for
12 h/%Saturated water absorption/% 80 650 7.2 14.96 16.12 17.22 
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表 2 粉煤灰主要化学成分
Table 2. Main chemical composition of fly ash
Compound type SiO2 Fe2O3 Al2O3 CaO MgO SO3 Content/wt% 44.84 16.81 23.43 3.09 1.32 1.41
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表 3 粉煤灰陶粒轻骨料混凝土配合比(kg/m3)
Table 3. Mix proportion of fly ash ceramsite lightweight aggregate concrete (kg/m3)
Strength level Cement Fly ash ceramsite Sand Fly ash Water Water-binder ratio LC20 350 420.3 667.4 75.0 170 0.40 LC30 400 407.7 634.3 47.4 170 0.38
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表 4 粉煤灰陶粒轻骨料混凝土的特征点参数
Table 4. Characteristic point parameters of fly ash ceramsite lightweight aggregate concrete
Specimen Eu/GPa σu/MPa εu/10−3 1h-LC20-0MPa 3.03 18.10 5.60 1h-LC20-6MPa 4.29 54.30 22.02 1h-LC20-12MPa 4.42 75.92 40.54 1h-LC20-18MPa 4.93 101.93 51.79 1h-LC20-24MPa 5.57 115.61 72.54 1h-LC20-30MPa 8.05 133.65 85.62 1h-LC20-36MPa 8.66 151.90 102.79 1h-LC20-42MPa 7.79 167.17 107.20 12h-LC20-0MPa 3.51 18.09 8.86 12h-LC20-6MPa 5.43 54.29 20.17 12h-LC20-12MPa 4.28 73.64 46.14 12h-LC20-18MPa 6.20 92.25 61.61 12h-LC20-24MPa 6.11 109.49 71.04 12h-LC20-30MPa 4.66 131.77 105.74 12h-LC20-36MPa 6.32 145.72 109.34 12h-LC20-42MPa 7.18 162.35 120.56 1h-LC30-0MPa 3.26 19.03 7.23 1h-LC30-3MPa 4.40 44.43 10.97 1h-LC30-6MPa 6.20 56.01 16.66 1h-LC30-9MPa 4.06 64.34 29.73 1h-LC30-12MPa 4.29 77.45 44.24 1h-LC30-15MPa 4.13 87.76 49.88 1h-LC30-18MPa 5.51 93.79 48.95 1h-LC30-21MPa 7.53 100.36 71.99 1h-LC30-24MPa 7.20 114.11 72.47 1h-LC30-27MPa 8.32 115.75 68.10 1h-LC30-30MPa 4.15 130.57 98.88 1h-LC30-33MPa 6.12 138.43 95.86 12h-LC30-0MPa 4.22 22.11 6.98 12h-LC30-3MPa 4.69 46.83 15.84 12h-LC30-6MPa 5.65 59.02 16.68 12h-LC30-9MPa 4.74 71.25 27.43 12h-LC30-12MPa 5.11 79.02 36.21 12h-LC30-15MPa 4.84 88.91 48.05 12h-LC30-18MPa 6.54 93.88 66.50 12h-LC30-21MPa 6.75 108.49 59.92 12h-LC30-24MPa 6.20 115.76 62.10 12h-LC30-27MPa 5.80 126.55 76.79 12h-LC30-30MPa 8.11 136.52 81.71 12h-LC30-33MPa 7.12 140.43 84.55 Notes: Eu—Elastic modulus; σu—Peak stress; εu—Peak strain.
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