Anti-penetration performance of SiC-ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber reinforced resin matrix composite armor plate against armor piercing projectile and its damage mechanism
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摘要: 以碳化硅陶瓷(SiC)作为面板材料,超高分子量聚乙烯纤维增强水性聚氨酯树脂基复合材料层压板(UHMWPE/WPU)作为背板材料,通过真空袋膜压工艺制备SiC-UHMWPE/WPU复合装甲板。基于弹道冲击试验研究复合装甲板的结构参数对其抗穿甲弹侵彻性能的影响,采用X射线计算机断层扫描(X-ray computed tomography,CT)技术,研究复合装甲板在53式7.62 mm穿甲弹以弹速为(
$ {808}_{-8}^{+7}) $ m/s进行多发弹道侵彻下的损伤模式。研究结果表明:SiC-UHMWPE/WPU复合装甲板的抗多发弹道侵彻能力随着UHMWPE/WPU厚度或SiC厚度的降低而逐渐下降,10 mm厚SiC+13 mm厚UHMWPE/WPU是试验中抗53式7.62 mm穿甲弹多发弹道侵彻的最佳工程应用结构;UHMWPE/WPU面密度的减少不仅影响UHMWPE/WPU的防护效率,其还通过降低对陶瓷面板的支撑作用,间接影响陶瓷的防护效率;弹道侵彻后的复合装甲板的损伤模式包括SiC碎裂、SiC与UHMWPE/WPU的界面破坏及UHMWPE/WPU的绝热剪切破坏、拉伸变形和分层破坏。Abstract: The silicon carbide ceramics (SiC) and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber reinforced waterborne polyurethane composite laminate (UHMWPE/WPU) were used to prepare SiC-UHMWPE/WPU composite armor plate by resin film infusion. Based on ballistic impact test, the influence of structural parameters of the composite armor plate on the anti-penetration performance of armor-piercing projectile was investigated. The damage mode of the post-impact SiC-UHMWPE/WPU composite armor plate, which was repeatedly impacted by type-53 and 7.62 mm armor piercing projectile at a velocity of$ {(808}_{-8}^{+7}) $ m/s, was investigated by the X-ray computed tomography (CT) technology. The results show that the anti-multiple penetration performance of SiC-UHMWPE/WPU composite armor plate decreases gradually with the reduction of UHMWPE/WPU thickness or SiC thickness. Significantly, 10 mm-thick SiC+13 mm-thick UHMWPE/WPU may be the best engineering application structure to resist the multiple ballistic penetration of type 53 and 7.62 mm armor piercing projectile in the test. The reduction of area density of UHMWPE/WPU not only affects the protection efficiency of UHMWPE/WPU, but also indirectly affects the protection efficiency of ceramics via decreasing the support effect. Moreover, the damage modes of post-impact composite armor plate include SiC fragmentation, interface failure between SiC and UHMWPE/WPU, adiabatic shear failure, tensile deformation and delamination failure of UHMWPE/WPU. -
图 1 实验路线示意图:(a) SiC-UHMWPE/WPU复合装甲板制备工艺;(b)弹道测试装置;(c)弹道侵彻后复合装甲板和弹丸的表面形貌;(d) 计算机断层(CT)扫描设备及其工作机制
Figure 1. Schematic of experimental route: (a) Preparation process of SiC-UHMWPE/WPU composite armor plate; (b) Illustration of ballistic test setup; (c) Surface morphologies of post-impact composite armor plate and post-impact projectile; (d) Illustration of computed tomography (CT) scan setup
UFCL—UHMWPE fiber composite laminates; API—Armor piercing incendiary
图 9 弹丸侵彻SiC-UHMWPE/WPU复合装甲板的过程示意图:(a)冲击波的传播;(b) SiC破碎吸能和UHMWPE/WPU加速运动;(c) UHMWPE/WPU剪切破坏、UHMWPE/WPU与SiC共同减速运动;(d) UHMWPE/WPU弹性回弹
Figure 9. Schematic diagram of penetration process of SiC-UHMWPE/WPU composite armor plate: (a) Propagation process of shock wave; (b) Energy absorption of SiC by crushing and acceleration of UHMWPE/WPU; (c) Shear failure of UHMWPE/WPU, joint deceleration of UHMWPE/WPU and SiC; (d) UHMWPE/WPU elastic rebound
V—Velocity of projectile at different time t
表 1 实验用SiC陶瓷及超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)纤维增强水性聚氨酯树脂(WPU)复合材料层压板的物理性能
Table 1. Physical properties of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fiber reinforced waterborne polyurethane (WPU) composite laminate and SiC ceramics in experiment
Material Density/(g·cm-3) Tensile strength at break/MPa Young’s modulus/GPa Tensile strain at break/% UHMWPE/WPU 0.95-1.00 738.19 39.92 2.55 SiC 3.2 250.00 330.00 − 表 2 实验用SiC-UHMWPE/WPU复合装甲板的规格参数
Table 2. Specifications of SiC-UHMWPE/WPU composite armor plate in experiment
Number SiC UHMWPE/WPU SiC-UHMWPE/WPU Thickness/
mmThickness/
mmThickness/
mmAreal density/
(kg·m−2)1# 10 12.957 23.95 45.36 2# 10 11.945 22.92 44.34 3# 10 10.754 21.50 43.35 4# 10 9.615 20.45 42.35 5# 9 12.815 22.60 42.13 表 3 弹道测试实验参数
Table 3. Experimental parameters of ballistic test
Reference
standardProjectile Velocity/
(m·s−1)Material of
bullet-coreShooting
angle/(°)Shooting
distance/mShooting
stateGJB 4300A—2012[13] Type-53, 7.62 mm AP $ {808}_{-8}^{+7} $ Hardened steel
(HV 785)0 30 Hang in the air Note: AP—Armor piercing. 表 4 弹丸侵彻速度和SiC-UHMWPE/WPU复合装甲板弹道测试结果
Table 4. Impacting velocity of projectile and ballistic test results of SiC-UHMWPE/WPU composite armor plate
Number Shooting sequence Velocity/(m·s−1) Post-impact state Residual thickness/mm Distribution area of impact point 1# 1st 811 NP 10.727 Eccentric area 2nd 809 NP 7.725 Eccentric area 3rd 815 NP 10.154 Central area 2# 1st 811 NP 10.600 Central area 2nd 809 NP 6.813 Eccentric area 3rd 813 NP 5.514 Central area 3# 1st 811 NP 6.551 Central area 2nd 808 CP 0 Eccentric area 3rd 810 NP 7.978 Central area 4# 1st 812 NP 4.033 Central area 2nd 808 CP 0 Eccentric area 3rd 813 CP 0 Eccentric area 5# 1st 811 NP 8.853 Central area 2nd 808 CP 0 Central area 3rd 814 NP 5.690 Edge area Notes: NP—Non-perforating; CP—Complete perforating. -
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