Development of light-weight composite pavement slab in suspension bridge and its mechanical properties
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摘要: 为满足大跨悬索桥主梁减重的需求,研制了新型轻质复材人行道板,并将其成功应用于武汉杨泗港长江大桥。采用试验、理论和有限元的方法研究了轻质复材人行道板的受力性能并设计了快速拼装工艺。采用配重砝码块进行重力分级均布加载模拟人群荷载下复材人行道板的受力响应,在规范人群荷载下,复材板跨中挠度仅为挠度限值的 9.14%;对3种跨度的复材人行道板进行三点弯曲试验研究,3 种试件的破坏形式均为面板屈曲破坏,跨度最大的试件YSG-TB-960的极限承载力最小为14.79 kN;复材人行道板剪切试验的极限承载力为28.68 kN。采用ANSYS/Multiphysics软件建立了复材人行道板的三维模型并进行有限元分析,模拟复材人行道板在人群荷载和跨中集中荷载下的响应,有限元计算结果与试验值吻合较好。采用一阶剪切变形理论计算受弯复材人行道板在极限承载力时下面板跨中挠度,理论结果和试验结果最小误差仅为–7.73%,总体吻合良好。对研制的复材人行道板进行了性能评估,轻质复材人行道板的最小安全系数为10.42,均满足设计要求。Abstract: A new type of lightweight composite pavement slab was developed to meet the weight reduction requirement of the main girder of the long span suspension bridge, and was successfully applied to the Yangsigang Yangtze River Bridge in Wuhan. Experimental, theoretical and finite element methods were used to study the mechanical behavior of the lightweight composite pavement slab, and the rapid assembly process was designed. The counterweight was used to simulate the response of the composite pavement slab under the crowd load, and the mid-span deflection of the compo-site slab was only 9.14% of the limit value of deflection. Three-point bending tests were carried out on three lightweight composite pavement slabs with different spans. The results show that the failure mode of the three specimens is basically panel yield failure, the ultimate bearing capacity of the largest span member YSG-TB-960 is the smallest (14.79 kN) , and the ultimate bearing capacity in shearing test is 28.68 kN. The 3D model of composite pavement slab was established by ANSYS/Multiphysics software and the finite element analysis was carried out to simulate the response of composite pavement slab under crowd load and concentrated load. The results of finite element analysis are in good agreement with the experimental data. The minimum error between the theoretical results and the experimental results is –7.73% when the ultimate bearing capacity is calculated by theory. The performance of the composite pavement slab was evaluated, and the minimum safety factor of the lightweight composite pavement slab is 10.42. All the components meet the design requirements.
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表 1 复合材料面板片材基本力学性能参数
Table 1. Basic mechanical performance of composite specimens
表 2 聚氨酯泡沫基本力学性能参数
Table 2. Basic mechanical performance of polyurethane foam
表 3 复材人行道板均布荷载加载制度及有限元与试验跨中挠度对比
Table 3. Uniform load system and span deflection comparison between numerical method and test for composite pavement slab
Cumulative loading/
(kN·m−2)Quantity of
mass at one time/
blockSingle
loading/
(kN·m−2)Mass specifications/
(kg/block)Total number of loading Δex/mm Δfem/mm Error (Δfem−Δex)/
Δex/%0.755 22 0.755 3.5 1 0.041 0.045 9.27 1.509 22 0.755 3.5 2 0.081 0.090 10.62 2.264 22 0.755 3.5 3 0.122 0.134 10.16 3.018 22 0.755 3.5 4 0.163 0.179 9.88 3.773 22 0.755 3.5 5 0.203 0.224 10.30 4.528 22 0.755 3.5 6 0.244 0.269 10.12 5.282 22 0.755 3.5 7 0.283 0.313 10.78 6.037 22 0.755 3.5 8 0.323 0.358 10.93 6.791 22 0.755 3.5 9 0.364 0.403 10.74 7.546 22 0.755 3.5 10 0.404 0.448 10.87 8.301 22 0.755 3.5 11 0.445 0.493 10.72 9.055 22 0.755 3.5 12 0.486 0.537 10.58 9.594 22 0.539 2.5 13 0.518 0.569 9.92 10.133 22 0.539 2.5 14 0.545 0.601 10.35 10.672 22 0.539 2.5 15 0.576 0.633 9.97 11.211 22 0.539 2.5 16 0.607 0.665 9.62 Notes: Δfem—Span deflection of composite pavement slab with numerical method; Δex—Span deflection of composite pavement slab with test method. 表 4 复材人行道板受弯试件参数统计
Table 4. Details of tested composite pavement slab bending specimens
Specimen Dimension parameter of specimen Width/
mmHeight/
mmSpan/
mmTotal length/
mmYSG-TB-500 370 35 500 700 YSG-TB-800 800 1000 YSG-TB-960 960 1160 表 5 复材人行道板三点弯曲试验结果
Table 5. Three point flexual test results of composite pavement slab
Specimen Ultimate bearing
capacity/kNUltimate deflection/
mmFailure
modeYSG-TB-500 28.34 13.09 YSG-TB-800 16.94 25.10 Buckling of
upper sheetYSG-TB-960 14.79 37.86 表 6 复材人行道板跨中挠度结果对比
Table 6. Comparison of results on mid-span deflection of composite pacememt slab
Specimen Theoretical
value/mmTest value
/
mmError/% YSG-TB-500 11.12 13.09 −15.05 YSG-TB-800 23.16 25.10 −7.73 YSG-TB-960 33.75 37.86 −10.86 Note: Error=(Theoretical value − Test value)/Test value. 表 7 复材人行道板跨中挠度结果对比(荷载P=10 kN)
Table 7. Comparison of mid-span deflection of composite pavement slab (Load P=10 kN)
Specimen Numerical value/mm Test value/mm Error/% YSG-TB-500 4.87 5.25 −7.24 YSG-TB-800 12.67 13.71 −7.59 YSG-TB-960 23.75 24.08 −1.37 Note: Error = (Numerical value – Test value)/Test value. 表 8 人行道板试件性能评估结果
Table 8. Results of performance evaluation of composite pavement slab
Specimen Ftest Fshear/kN Safety factor Performance evaluation YSG-TB-210 14.34 0.16 89.63 Meet YSG-TB-500 14.17 0.37 38.30 Meet YSG-TB-800 8.47 0.59 14.36 Meet YSG-TB-960 7.40 0.71 10.42 Meet Notes: Ftest—Ultimate shear force of test; Fshear—Equivalent maximum shear value. -
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