织物基触觉传感器在人形机器人中的研究进展与应用

Research Progress and Application of Fabric-Based Tactile Sensors in Humanoid Robots

  • 摘要: 触觉传感器作为支撑人形机器人完成环境交互、精细操作与智能反馈的关键部件,已成为智能装备与柔性电子领域的研究热点。传统刚性与薄膜传感元件难以适配机体复杂曲面,织物基传感器凭借高灵敏度、优异柔性、良好适配性与可集成优势,能够实现与机器人本体表面的无缝贴合,是构建机器人电子皮肤与全域触觉感知系统的优选方案。本文以纤维纺织材料为研究对象,系统归纳四类织物基触觉传感器的工作机制、两类纺织基材、多维力感知、阵列集成与曲面适配等核心技术,结合近年来国内外前沿成果总结现有技术瓶颈并指明优化方向,旨在为织物基触觉传感器在人形机器人全身触觉感知及电子皮肤工程化应用提供理论参考与技术支撑。

     

    Abstract: As critical components supporting humanoid robots to realize environmental interaction, delicate manipulation and intelligent feedback, tactile sensors have become a research hotspot in the fields of intelligent equipment and flexible electronics. Conventional rigid and thin-film sensing elements fail to conform to complex curved surfaces of robot bodies. Benefiting from high sensitivity, outstanding flexibility, favorable conformability and easy integration, fabric-based sensors can achieve seamless lamination with robot surfaces, which makes them optimal candidates for constructing robotic electronic skins and full-range tactile perception systems. Taking fibrous textile materials as the research object, this paper systematically summarizes core technologies of fabric-based tactile sensors, including operating mechanisms of four types of sensing devices, two categories of textile substrates, multi-dimensional force perception, array integration and curved-surface adaptability. Combined with cutting-edge domestic and overseas advances in recent years, the existing technical bottlenecks are concluded and corresponding optimization strategies are proposed. This work is expected to provide theoretical references and technical support for the engineering application of fabric-based tactile sensors in full-body tactile perception and electronic skins of humanoid robots.

     

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