纤维含量对黄麻纤维增强树脂基复合材料力学与热性能的影响

何莉萍; 刘龙镇; 苏胜培; 夏凡; 侯淑娟

doi:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20220802.001

纤维含量对黄麻纤维增强树脂基复合材料力学与热性能的影响

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20220802.001

何莉萍^{1, 2, ,},
刘龙镇^{1, 2},
苏胜培³,
夏凡^{1, 2},
侯淑娟^{1, 2}

1.
汽车车身先进设计制造国家重点实验室(湖南大学)，长沙 410082
2.
湖南大学　机械与运载工程学院，长沙 410082
3.
湖南师范大学　化学化工学院，长沙 410082

基金项目: 湖南大学汽车车身先进设计制造国家重点实验自主研究课题(72175004)

详细信息

通讯作者:
何莉萍，博士，教授，博士生导师，研究方向为纤维增强复合材料　E-mail: lphe@hnu.edu.cn

中图分类号: TQ327.9
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-04-13
- 修回日期: 2022-07-01
- 录用日期: 2022-07-14
- 网络出版日期: 2022-08-04
- 刊出日期: 2023-04-15

Effects of fiber addition on the mechanical and thermal properties of jute fiber reinforced resin composites

HE Liping^{1, 2
, ,},
LIU Longzhen^{1, 2},
SU Shengpei³,
XIA Fan^{1, 2},
HOU Shujuan^{1, 2}

1.
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body (Hunan University), Changsha 410082, China
2.
College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
3.
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410082, China

Funds: Fund from the State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body (72175004)

摘要

摘要: 为研发低碳、节能、性能优异的麻纤维增强树脂绿色复合材料并扩展其应用领域，本文采用团队发明的氨基硅油乳液对黄麻纤维(JF)进行表面改性，运用开炼-注塑成型复合工艺研制了纤维含量为10wt%~25wt%的改性黄麻纤维增强聚丙烯(JF/PP)新型复合材料，系统全面地研究了改性麻纤维含量对JF/PP复合材料力学性能、结晶行为、耐热性能(热变形温度)及热尺寸稳定性(线膨胀系数)的影响规律及相关作用机制，并采用接触角测试分析与SEM技术分析了复合材料界面相容性与结合状态。结果表明：氨基硅油乳液改性JF，增强了JF与PP基体的界面结合力。随着纤维含量的增加，JF/PP复合材料的拉伸和弯曲强度逐渐增加，而冲击强度则有所降低。DSC、热变形温度和线膨胀系数测试分析表明，添加改性JF能够促进PP异相成核，并限制PP分子链的运动能力，从而提高JF/PP复合材料的耐热性能，且随着纤维含量增加，耐热性能呈不断上升趋势。当改性JF含量为25wt%时，JF/PP复合材料的热变形温度为142.5℃，较纯PP提高了53.5%。同时，复合材料平均线膨胀系数随纤维含量增加而明显降低，表明复合材料的热尺寸稳定性显著提高。相比纯PP，含量为25wt%时的复合材料的平均线膨胀系数在平行流道方向下降了73.2%，垂直流道方向则下降了14.4%，存在各向异性。纤维含量为15wt%和20wt%时，改性JF/PP综合力学和热性能相对更优。
- 麻纤维 /
- 纤维含量 /
- 复合材料 /
- 力学性能 /
- 结晶行为 /
- 界面 /
- 热变形温度 /
- 线膨胀系数
Abstract: In order to develop green bast fiber reinforced resin composites with low carbon, energy saving and excellent mechanical and thermal properties and widen their applications, a new kind of modified jute fiber reinforced polypropylene composites (modified JF/PP) with fiber content in range of 10wt%-25wt% was fabricated by a hybrid technique of mill mixing and injection molding process, in which the jute fiber was modified with amino silicone oil invented by our research group in the present work. The effects of modified bast fiber content on the mechanical properties, crystallization behavior, heat resistance (heat deflection temperature) and thermal dimensional stability (linear expansion coefficient) of JF/PP composites were systematically and comprehensively studied. The compatibility and interfacial bonding strength in between the modified and non-modified fiber and PP matrix were analyzed by contact angle test and SEM images. The results indicate that the tensile and flexural strength of JF/PP composites increase with the increase of modified jute fiber content, while the impact strength decreases because the interfacial adhesion between jute fiber and polypropylene matrix is enhanced by modifying jute fiber with amino silicone oil. It is also found from the analyses of DSC, heat deflection temperature and linear expansion coefficient that the addition of modified JF can promote the heterogeneous nucleation of PP and hindered the mobility of PP molecular chain, which lead to the enhancement of the heat resistance property of modified JF/PP composites. The higher the fiber content, the higher heat resistance property of the modified JF/PP will be. When the content of modified JF is 25wt%, the heat deflection temperature of the modified JF/PP is 142.5 ℃, which is 53.5% higher than that of pure PP. Meanwhile, the linear expansion coefficient (CLE) of the modified JF/PP composites decrease significantly with the increase of fiber addition, which suggests that the fiber addition can significantly improve the thermal dimensional stability of the modified JF/PP composites. The linear expansion coefficients of pure PP and the modified JF/PP composites present anisotropic feature. Compared with pure PP, when the fiber addition is 25wt%, the linear expansion coefficientsof the composites decrease by 73.2% in the parallel flow direction and 14.4% in the vertical flow direction. The better mechanical and thermal properties of the modified JF/PP composites will achieve when the fiber addition is in range of 15wt%-20wt%.
- jute fiber /
- fiber addition /
- composites /
- mechanical properties /
- crystallization behavior /
- interface /
- heat deflection temperature /
- linear expansion coefficient

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图 1 黄麻纤维(JF)的SEM图像

Figure 1. SEM image of jute fiber (JF)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 改性JF增强聚丙烯(JF/PP)复合材料制备工艺流程

Figure 2. Process flow chart of preparing JF reinforced polypropylene composites (JF/PP) composites

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图 3 JF改性前后静态水接触角

Figure 3. Water contact angle of unmodified and modified JF

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图 4 纯PP和不同JF含量的改性JF/PP力学性能对比

Figure 4. Mechanical properties of PP and modified JF/PP composites

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图 5 JF含量20wt%的未改性JF/PP拉伸断裂面SEM图像

Figure 5. SEM image of tensile fractured unmodified JF/PP with 20wt% JF

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图 6 不同JF含量的改性JF/PP复合材料拉伸断裂面SEM图像：(a) 10wt%JF/PP；(b) 15wt%JF/PP；(c) 20wt%JF/PP；(d) 25wt%JF/PP

Figure 6. Tensile fractured SEM images of the modified JF/PP composites with different JF contents: (a) 10wt%JF/PP; (b) 15wt%JF/PP; (c) 20wt%JF/PP; (d) 25wt%JF/PP

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图 7 PP及JF/PP复合材料结晶曲线

Figure 7. Crystallization curves of PP and JF/PP composites

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图 8 PP及JF/PP复合材料熔融曲线

Figure 8. Melting curves of PP and JF/PP composites

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图 9 纯PP和改性JF/PP复合材料的热变形温度

Figure 9. Heat deflection temperature of PP and JF/PP composites

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图 10 纯PP和改性JF/PP材料的热膨胀曲线

Figure 10. Thermal expansion curves of PP and the JF/PP composites

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图 11 纯 PP及改性JF/PP材料的线膨胀系数(CLE)

Figure 11. Linear thermal expansion coefficient (CLE) of PP and the modified JF/PP composites

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表 1 PP及改性JF/PP复合材料的DSC测试结果

Table 1. DSC test results of PP and the modified JF/PP composites

Terms	Mass fraction of JF/wt%
Terms	0	10	15	20	25
T_m/℃	165.86±0.26	166.88±0.42	167.37±0.17	167.54±0.19	167.79±0.30
T_c/℃	121.15±0.14	121.28±0.09	121.65±0.23	122.29±0.16	122.37±0.25
ΔH_m/(J·g⁻¹)	87.99±0.44	78.78±0.35	73.74±0.56	68.89±0.37	63.32±0.41
X_c/%	42.10±0.21	41.83±0.18	41.45±0.31	41.14±0.22	40.34±0.26
Notes: T_m—Melting temperature; T_c—Cold crystallization temperature; ΔH_m—Melting enthalpy; X_c—Crystallinity; Data are tested mean value ± standard deviation.

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表 2 JF/PP复合材料在平行与垂直流道方向的CLE对比

Table 2. Comparing the CLE results of the modified JF/PP composites in the parallel and vertical flow directions

CLE/(10⁻⁶ K⁻¹)	Mass fraction of JF/wt%
CLE/(10⁻⁶ K⁻¹)	0	10	15	20	25
Vertical direction	154.7±3.2	145.5±2.6	140.1±2.4	136.6±1.0	132.4±1.9
Parallel direction	130.2±2.1	62.1±1.1	57.6±1.8	46.2±2.5	34.8±1.3
Difference between vertical to parallel directions	24.5±5.3	83.4±3.8	82.5±4.2	90.4±3.6	97.6±3.2

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