Abstract: Compound residues of Huoxiang Zhengqi liquid are characterized by large-scale production, high disposal costs and low resource utilization efficiency. To achieve their high value-added utilization, the hard carbon anode material for sodium-ion battery (SIB) was prepared by a two-step carbonization process with compound residues of Huoxiang Zhengqi liquid from Taiji Group Chongqing Fuling Pharmaceutical Factory Co., Ltd. as the carbon source, and the influence of temperature parameters on the microstructure and electrochemical performance of the material was systematically investigated. The results show that the hard carbon (denoted as F-1400) prepared at a carbonization temperature of 1400 ℃ achieves the optimal balance among pore structure, specific surface area, interlayer spacing and microcrystalline structure. When evaluated as an SIB anode, F-1400 exhibits favorable electrochemical characteristics. At a current density of 30 mA/g, it delivers an initial reversible capacity of 300.2 mAh/g, with a capacity retention of 97.3% after 70 cycles. Moreover, after an initial activation of 5 cycles at 30 mA/g, the electrode sustains a high-rate test at 300 mA/g, still retaining a reversible capacity of 209.3 mAh/g after a total of 500 cycles. This study not only provides a paradigm extendable to other traditional Chinese medicine residues but also opens up a novel pathway for their high-value utilization, contributing significantly to the green and circular development of the traditional Chinese medicine industry.