三维编织双孔接头失效机理及载荷传递效率衰减效应

Failure mechanism and load transfer efficiency attenuation effect of 3D braided double hole joint

  • 摘要: 接头结构是三维编织航空航天复杂构件的关键零部件,其连续分布的多孔阵列在承载过程产生了复杂的耦合响应及失效机理。本文以三维编织多孔接头在承载过程中的力学响应特性为研究内容,揭示了三维编织的纤维结构、开孔阵列结构对接头的载荷传递效率及失效机理的影响机制。仿真过程显示,三维编织接头的失效形式主要包括钉孔挤压失效、孔周撕裂失效,失效过程中应力及裂纹沿两孔之间的纤维结构扩散并发生交汇,形成复杂的力学响应特性,孔间距是其中的关键影响因素。实验结果表明,该现象使双孔接头的连接强度相对于单孔接头发生了33%的衰减;载荷传递效率相对于自身发生了21%的衰减。本研究为三维编织多孔连接结构的跨尺度建模提供技术参考,所分析力学机理可为三维编织多孔连接的可靠性设计提供理论依据。

     

    Abstract: Double-lap joints with multi-hole arrays represent critical assembly components in aerospace composite structures. Their failure behavior under load is governed by a complex interplay between the yarn architecture and the discrete hole pattern. This study investigates the mechanical response and failure mechanisms of 3D braided composite joints containing multiple open-holes. A combined experimental and computational approach was employed to elucidate how the inherent braided architecture and the geometric arrangement of holes jointly govern load transfer efficiency and failure mechanisms. High-fidelity finite element simulations revealed that failure predominantly initiates via bearing damage at the open-holes, followed by tear-out failure emanating from the hole peripheries. Crucially, cracks were observed to diffuse and interact along the open-hole fiber pathways, leading to a complex coupled response. The distance between open-holes was identified as a critical configuration modulating this interaction. Experimental validation confirmed that this interaction mechanism causes a 33% reduction in bearing strength and a 21% degradation in load transfer efficiency for double-hole joints compared to single-hole joints. The insights gained provide a foundational framework for the multiscale modeling of 3D braided multi-hole joints. Furthermore, the elucidated failure mechanisms offer essential theoretical guidance for the reliable design of such joints in advanced aerospace applications.

     

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