连续碳纤维增强高性能热塑性复合材料的研究进展

肇研; 孙铭辰; 张思益; 王凯

doi:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20220809.008

连续碳纤维增强高性能热塑性复合材料的研究进展

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20220809.008

北京航空航天大学　材料科学与工程学院，北京 100191

详细信息

通讯作者:
肇研，博士，教授，博士生导师，研究方向为先进树脂基复合材料　E-mail: jennyzhaoyan@buaa.edu.cn

中图分类号: TB332
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-06-09
- 修回日期: 2022-07-11
- 录用日期: 2022-07-26
- 网络出版日期: 2022-08-09
- 刊出日期: 2022-08-22

Advance in continuous carbon fiber reinforced high performance thermoplastic composites

School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China

摘要

摘要: 连续碳纤维增强高性能热塑性复合材料具有力学性能优异、低吸湿、耐化学药品及成型周期短、可二次成型等特点，在航空、航天等高技术领域的应用日益广泛。本文重点介绍了连续碳纤维增强高性能热塑性复合材料研究中的界面问题、预浸料制备技术和复合材料成型加工技术等方面的研究进展，期望为该类复合材料在国内的应用研究提供参考。
- 高性能热塑性高分子材料 /
- 碳纤维 /
- 复合材料 /
- 界面 /
- 成型技术
Abstract: With excellent mechanical properties, low hygroscopicity, good chemical resistance, short molding cycle and convenience to be reformed, continuous carbon fiber reinforced high-performance thermoplastic composites are widely used in aerospace and other high-tech fields. The interfacial problems, prepreg preparation and compo-site molding in the research of continuous carbon fiber reinforced high-performance thermoplastic composites were introduced. The reference for the domestic application research of this kind of composites is expected to be provided.
- high-performance thermoplastic composites /
- carbon fiber /
- composites /
- interface /
- molding technology

HTML全文

图 1 聚醚酰亚胺(PEI)上浆改性碳纤维(CF)/PEI复合材料的示意图^[7]：(a) PEI上浆剂的静置稳定性结果；(b) PEI上浆CF的SEM图像；(c) PEI上浆CF的AFM图像

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of polyether imide (PEI) sizing modified carbon fiber (CF)/PEI composite^[7]: (a) Suspension stability of PEI sizing; (b) SEM image of CF surfaces after PEI sizing; (c) AFM image of CF surfaces after PEI sizing

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图 2 PEI上浆改性CF/聚醚醚酮(PEEK)的结合机制^[10]

Figure 2. Bonding mechanism of PEI sizing modified CF/polyether ether ketone (PEEK)^[10]

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图 3 PEI+氧化石墨烯(GO)改性CF示意图^[11]：(a) 宏观CF/PEEK复合材料失效前后粘结机制示意图；(b) PEI+GO10施胶后CF表面的SEM和AFM图像；(c) 经PEI+GO10处理的CF/PEEK复合材料断裂后弯曲试验SEM图像；(d) 干燥状态下和湿热处理后界面剪切强度(IFSS)试验结果的比较

Figure 3. Schematic diagram of PEI+graphene oxide (GO) modified CF^[11]: (a) Schematic illustration of bonding mechanism in macro CF/PEEK composites before and after failure; (b) SEM and AFM images of CF surfaces after PEI+GO10 sizing; (c) SEM image of fracture morphology of CF/PEEK composites with PEI+GO10 treatments after flexural test; (d) Comparison of interfacial shear strength (IFSS) results tested in dry state and after hygrothermal treatments

PEI+GO0-PEI+GO15—PEI sizing agent with GO content of 0wt%, 1wt%, 2.5wt%, 5wt%, 7.5wt%, 10wt% and 15wt%

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图 4 PEI、ZIF-67改性CF的示意图^[12] ：(a) CF-PEI&ZIF制备过程示意图；(b) PEI浓度为0.010 g·mL^-1时CF-PEI&ZIF的SEM图像；(c) PEI及PEI&ZIF改性后CF/PEEK复合材料的微观IFSS结果；(d) CF-PEI和ZIF/PEEK复合材料的界面区域示意图

Figure 4. Schematic diagrams of PEI, ZIF-67 modified CF^[12]: (a) Schematic illustration for the formation process of CF-PEI&ZIF; (b) SEM image of CF-PEI&ZIF at PEI concentration of 0.010 g·mL⁻¹; (c) Micro IFSS results of PEI or PEI&ZIF modified CF/PEEK composites; (d) Schematic representation of the interphase region of CF-PEI and ZIF/PEEK composites

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图 5 表面活性剂对PEEK分散体稳定的示意图^[18]：(a) 表面活性剂对PEEK分散体稳定的机制示意图；(b) Triton X-100及聚乙二醇(PEG)分散的PEEK预浸料的金相图像；(c) Triton X-100及PEG分散的PEEK预浸料SEM图像；(d) 不同分散体系制备复合材料层间剪切强度(ILSS)值对比；(e) 不同分散体系制备复合材料弯曲性能对比

Figure 5. Schematic of PEEK dispersion with surfactants^[18]: (a) Schematic of the stabilization mechanism of PEEK dispersion with surfactants; (b) Metallographic photo of composites prepared by Triton X-100 and polyethylene glycol (PEG) dispersed PEEK; (c) SEM image of composites Triton X-100 and PEG dispersed PEEK; (d) Interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) of composites prepared by different suspension systems; (e) Flexural properties of composites prepared by different suspension systems

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图 6 热冲压工艺流程图^[24]

Figure 6. Flowchart of the hot stamping process^[24]

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图 7 一步热冲压工艺路线图^[24]

Figure 7. One-step hot stamping forming process route^[24]

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图 8 电阻焊接冷却速率研究的示意图^[30]：((a), (b)) 实验室制造的电阻焊机的示意图和图像；(c) 单根细丝聚合物复合材料PEEK结晶演化的两组POM图像：((1)~(3)) 在20℃/min的冷却速度下；((4)~(6)) 在99 ℃/min的冷却速度下；(d) 电阻焊过程的测量温度-时间曲线；(e) 所有试样的搭接剪切强度；(f) 通过DSC测量所有试样的结晶度

Figure 8. Schematic diagram of resistance welding cooling rate study^[30]: ((a), (b)) Schematic diagram and the image of the lab-made resistance welder; (c) Two series of POM images of PEEK crystallization evolution of single thin wire polymer composites: ((1)-(3)) At the cooling rate of 20℃/min; ((4)-(6)) At the cooling rate of 99℃/min; (d) Measured temperature-time curves of the resistance welding processes; (e) Lap shear strength of all the specimens; (f) Degrees of crystallinity measured by DSC of all the specimens

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图 9 未处理钢网(SSM)的CF/PEEK接头和硅烷接枝钢网(SSM-SiG)的CF/PEEK接头界面粘结机制示意图^[31]

Figure 9. Schematic illustration of interfacial bonding mechanism of CF/PEEK joints with untreated stainless steel mesh (SSM) and CF/PEEK joints with silane grafting stainless steel mesh (SSM-SiG)^[31]

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图 10 Electroimpact公司的自动铺放设备^[41]

Figure 10. Automatic placement equipment made by Electroimpact^[41]

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