玻璃纤维-不锈钢网混杂增强环氧树脂层合板对球形弹斜冲击响应特性实验研究

邓云飞; 蔡雄峰; 李想; 张伟岐; 魏刚

doi:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20210406.001

玻璃纤维-不锈钢网混杂增强环氧树脂层合板对球形弹斜冲击响应特性实验研究

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20210406.001

中国民航大学　航空工程学院，天津 300300

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(11702317)；中央高校基本科研业务费资助(3122019077)

详细信息

通讯作者:
邓云飞，博士，副教授，硕士生导师，研究方向为复合材料结构设计与性能评价　E-mail：yfdeng@cauc.edu.cn

中图分类号: TB332; O385
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-08-20
- 修回日期: 2021-03-10
- 录用日期: 2021-03-15
- 网络出版日期: 2021-04-06
- 刊出日期: 2021-09-01

Experimental study on oblique impact of steel balls on glass fiber-stainless steel mesh hybrid reinforced epoxy laminates

College of Aeronautical Engineering, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin 300300, China

摘要

摘要: 为了研究玻璃纤维-不锈钢网混杂增强环氧树脂层合板在球形弹高速斜冲击下的损伤特性，利用一级气炮对2 mm厚度的玻璃纤维增强环氧树脂复合材料层合板和含一层、三层304不锈钢网的玻璃纤维-不锈钢网混杂增强环氧树脂层合板进行倾角为30°的冲击实验，以揭示304不锈钢网对层合板弹道极限和能量吸收的影响规律，并分析层合板损伤特征及其机理。通过实验发现，含有三层不锈钢网层合板的弹道极限最高，而不含不锈钢网层合板和含一层不锈钢网层合板的弹道极限速度接近。层合板吸收的能量随着弹体速度增加呈现出先增加后趋于平稳，然后急剧上升的趋势。层合板损伤模式为基体开裂和破碎、分层、不锈钢丝拉伸断裂、纤维拉伸断裂和剪切断裂。层合板分层损伤面积随弹体速度增大先增大后减小，最后趋于稳定。当弹体速度较低时，层合板主要发生纤维拉伸断裂、基体开裂、层间有分层损伤产生。随着弹体速度的增大，层合板正面纤维逐渐发生压剪断裂、基体破碎，背面纤维发生严重的拉伸撕裂。
- 斜冲击 /
- 混杂板 /
- 弹道极限 /
- 能量吸收 /
- 失效模式
Abstract: In order to study the damage characteristics of glass fiber-stainless steel mesh hybrid laminates under high-speed oblique impact, the impact experiments with an angle of 30° were carried out on glass fiber reinforced epoxy laminates with 2 mm thickness and glass fiber-stainless steel mesh hybrid reinforced epoxy laminates with one or three layers of 304 stainless steel mesh by using a one-stage air gun. The effects of 304 stainless steel mesh on the ballistic limit and energy absorption of laminated plates were revealed, and the damage characteristics and mechanism of laminated plates were analyzed. Based on the experiments, it is found that the ballistic limit of the laminates with three layers of stainless steel mesh is the highest, while the ballistic limit velocity of the laminate without stainless steel mesh is close to that of the laminate with one stainless steel mesh. The energy absorbed by the laminate firstly increases with the increase of projectile velocity, and then becomes stable, and increases rapidly finally. The failure modes of laminates are matrix crack, matrix fracture, delamination, tensile fracture and shear fracture of fiber and stainless steel wire tensile fracture. The delamination damage area of laminated plates increases firstly and then decreases with the increase of the velocity of projectile, and finally tends to be stable. When the velocity of the projectile is low, the laminate fiber mainly produces tensile fracture, matrix cracking and delamination damage. With the increase of the velocity of the projectile, compression shear fracture of the front fiber of the laminate gradually occurs, the matrix is broken, and the back fiber has serious tensile tear.
- oblique impact /
- hybrid laminate /
- ballistic limit /
- energy absorption /
- damage mode

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图 1 玻璃纤维-不锈钢网混杂增强环氧树脂层合板试件照片

Figure 1. Photographs of test samples of glass fiber-stainless steel mesh hybrid reinforced epoxy laminates

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图 2 一级气炮装置示意

Figure 2. One-stage gas gun experimental system

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图 3 高速摄像机系统距离标定示意

Figure 3. Sketch of demarcate distance for high speed camera

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图 4 靶板固定方式

Figure 4. Fixing method of plate

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图 5 弹体的初始与剩余速度曲线

Figure 5. Initial vs. residual velocities for projectiles

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图 6 弹体冲击层合板的过程

Figure 6. Impact process of laminates against projectiles

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图 7 不含钢网层合板在弹体冲击后的损伤形式

Figure 7. Failure modes of laminated plates without steel mesh against projectiles

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图 8 不含钢网层合板在弹体冲击下的损伤投影

Figure 8. Damage projection of laminated plates without steel mesh impacted by projectiles

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图 9 不含钢网层合板在弹体冲击下的横截面

Figure 9. Cross section of laminated plates without steel mesh impacted by projectiles

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图 10 含一层钢网层合板在弹体冲击下的损伤形貌

Figure 10. Failure modes of laminated plates with one layer of steel mesh against projectiles

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图 11 含一层钢网层合板在弹体冲击下的损伤投影

Figure 11. Damage projection of laminated plates with one layer of steel mesh impacted by projectiles

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图 12 含一层钢网层合板在弹体冲击下的横截面

Figure 12. Cross section of laminated plates with one layer of steel mesh impacted by projectiles at different velocities

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图 13 含三层钢网层合板在弹体冲击下的损伤形貌

Figure 13. Damage modes of laminated plates with three layers of steel mesh against projectiles

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图 14 含三层钢网层合板在弹体冲击下的损伤投影

Figure 14. Damage projection of laminated plates with three layers of steel mesh impacted by projectiles

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图 15 含三层钢网层合板在弹体冲击下的横截面

Figure 15. Cross section of laminated plates with three layers of steel mesh impacted by projectile

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图 16 不锈钢网与基体界面 (v_i=119.8 m/s)

Figure 16. Interface between stainless steel mesh and matrix (v_i=119.8 m/s)

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图 17 三种玻璃纤维-不锈钢网混杂增强环氧树脂层合板在弹体相近速度冲击下的横断面

Figure 17. Cross section of three kinds of glass fiber-stainless steel mesh hybrid reinforced epoxy laminated plates under the impact of projectile at similar velocities

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图 18 三种玻璃纤维-不锈钢网混杂增强环氧树脂层合板在相近速度下的纤维微观结构

Figure 18. Fiber microstructures of three kinds of glass fiber-stainless steel mesh hybrid reinforced epoxy laminated plates under the impact of projectile at similar velocities

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图 19 玻璃纤维-不锈钢网混杂增强环氧树脂层合板损伤面积与弹体速度关系

Figure 19. Damage area vs. velocity of glass fiber-stainless steel mesh hybrid reinforced epoxy laminates

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图 20 玻璃纤维-不锈钢网混杂增强环氧树脂层合板吸收能量与弹体速度关系

Figure 20. Energy absorption of glass fiber-stainless steel mesh hybrid reinforced epoxy laminates vs. velocity of projectile

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表 1 三种玻璃纤维-不锈钢网混杂增强环氧树脂层合板铺层顺序

Table 1. Stacking sequence of three kinds of glass fiber-stainless steel mesh hybrid reinforced epoxy laminates

Group	Stacking sequence	Thickness/ mm	Mass/ g
FFFF	[0/90]_2s	2	52.1
FFSFF	[(0/90)₂(304ss)(90/0)₂]	2	55.4
FSFSFSF	[(0/90)(304ss)(0/90)(304ss) (90/0)(304ss)(90/0)]	2	63.2
Notes: F—Glass fiber; S—304 stainless steel.

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表 2 三种玻璃纤维-不锈钢网混杂增强环氧树脂层合板准静态力学性能测试结果

Table 2. Test results of quasi-static mechanical properties of three kinds of glass fiber-stainless steel mesh hybrid reinforced epoxy laminates

Group	Tensile modulus/GPa	Tensile strength/MPa	Compressive modulus/GPa	Compressive strength/MPa	Flexural modulus/GPa	Flexural strength/MPa
FFFF	21.10	361.86	36.54	335.70	16.51	439.00
FFSFF	23.60	388.15	39.00	328.29	19.41	450.00
FSFSFSF	24.45	392.07	45.66	326.62	19.97	482.00

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表 3 三种玻璃纤维-不锈钢网混杂增强环氧树脂层合板冲击实验结果

Table 3. Impact test results of three kinds of glass fiber-stainless steel mesh hybrid reinforced epoxy laminates

FFFF		FFSFF		FSFSFSF
v_i/(m·s⁻¹)	v_r/(m·s⁻¹)	v_i/(m·s⁻¹)	v_r/(m·s⁻¹)	v_i/(m·s⁻¹)	v_r/(m·s⁻¹)
92.8	0.0	79.1	0.0	110.8	0.0
107.1	0.0	111.6	32.7	119.8	37.1
125.6	65.4	121.1	57.7	135.3	89.4
141.9	99.2	156.0	110.5	153.9	105.0
197.6	170.0	183.5	149.1	207.4	177.7
242.1	220.4	217.2	189.7	240.1	214.2
263.8	241.6	225.0	201.1	253.9	228.9
336.6	314.5	243.0	219.6	297.7	274.5
443.6	417.4	453.6	426.8	449.0	419.4
Notes: v_i—Initial velocity; v_r—Residual velocity.

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表 4 弹体对层合板的弹道极限和模型参数

Table 4. Ballistic limits and mode parameters of projectiles

Parameter	FFFF	FFSFF	FSFSFSF
a	1	1	1
p	2.15	2	1.95
v_bl/(m·s⁻¹)	106	105	112
Notes: a, p—Fitting parameters; v_bl—Ballistic limit velocity.

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