聚合物基电磁屏蔽复合材料的结构设计与性能研究进展

张梦辉; 马忠雷; 马建中; 黎星; 翟炳燕; 邵亮

doi:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20201208.003

聚合物基电磁屏蔽复合材料的结构设计与性能研究进展

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20201208.003

张梦辉^1,,
马忠雷¹,
马建中²,
黎星^1,,
翟炳燕^1,,
邵亮^1, ,

1.
陕西科技大学　化学与化工学院　陕西省轻化工助剂重点实验室　中国轻工业轻化工助剂重点实验室，西安 710021
2.
陕西科技大学　轻工科学与工程学院，西安 710021

基金项目: 陕西省教育厅服务地方专项计划(19JC003)；西安市科技计划(2019216514GXRC001CG002-GXYD1.2)；咸阳市重大科技专项计划(2018k01-46)

详细信息

通讯作者:
邵亮，博士，副教授，硕士生导师，研究方向为高分子复合发泡材料、功能高分子材料等　E-mail：shaoliang@sust.edu.cn

中图分类号: O631；TB33
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- 文章访问数: 1964
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-10-14
- 录用日期: 2020-11-29
- 网络出版日期: 2020-12-10
- 刊出日期: 2021-05-01

Research progress of structure design and performance of polymer-based electromagnetic shielding composites

1.
Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for China National Light Industry, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for Industry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710021, China
2.
College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710021, China

摘要

摘要: 对近年来关于聚合物基电磁屏蔽材料的报道进行了综述。重点总结分析了不同结构(如多孔结构、隔离结构和分层结构)及其他特殊结构聚合物基电磁屏蔽材料的屏蔽效能和屏蔽机制。与均匀分布聚合物基复合材料相比，通过结构设计使填料富集，再取向并连通从而形成高效导电网络，不仅能减少填料用量，且能有效提高复合材料的电磁屏蔽性能。最后，提出了聚合物基电磁屏蔽材料的未来发展方向。
- 聚合物基复合材料 /
- 结构设计 /
- 电磁屏蔽材料 /
- 屏蔽效能 /
- 屏蔽机制
Abstract: This review introduces the recent reports on polymer-based electromagnetic shielding materials. The shielding mechanism and shielding effectiveness of polymer-based electromagnetic shielding materials with different structures (porous structure, segregated structure and layered structure) and other special structures are summarized and analyzed emphatically. Compared with the composite materials with uniformly distributed fillers in the polymer matrix, the structure design can enrich, re-orient and connect the fillers to form efficient conductive networks, which can not only reduce the amount of fillers, but also improve the electromagnetic shielding performance of the composites. Finally, this review put forward the development direction of polymer-based electromagnetic shielding materials in the future.
- polymer-based composites /
- structural design /
- electromagnetic shielding material /
- shielding effectiveness /
- shielding mechanism

HTML全文

图 1 多孔材料结构示意图：(a)石墨烯泡沫/聚(3,4-亚乙基二氧噻吩)- 聚(苯乙烯磺酸盐) (PEDOT-PSS)复合材料^[10];(b)采用浸涂法制备的PU/石墨烯(PUG)泡沫^[19]

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of structure of porous materials: (a) Graphene foam/poly(3,4- ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT-PSS) composites^[10]; (b) Polyurethane (PU)/graphene (PUG) foams fabricated by dip-coating method^[19]

SE—Shielding effectiveness; SSE—Specific shielding effectiveness; SE_R—Shielding effectiveness by reflection; SE_A—Absorption shielding effectiveness; SE_T—Total shielding effectiveness; EMI—Electromagnetic interference; EM—Electromagnetism; GO—Graphene oxide

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图 2 填料在泡沫中的分布示意图: (a)填料在发泡过程中的再取向^[37]; (b)镀银三聚氰胺泡沫-环氧树脂-碳纳米管(SF-EP-CNT)泡沫的EDS图谱((b1) SEM图像; (b2) C元素图谱; (b3) O元素图谱; (b4) Ag元素图谱)^[33]

Figure 2. Schematic diagram of filler distribution in foam: (a) Re-orient of fillers during foaming^[37]; (b) EDS mapping of silver coated melamine foam-epoxy-carbon nanotube (SF-EP-CNT) foams ((b1) SEM image; (b2) C element mapping; (b3) O element mapping; (b4) Ag element mapping)^[33]

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图 3 隔离结构材料的结构特点: (a) CNT/聚乳酸(PLA)复合材料的制造过程示意图^[42]; (b) PLA/多壁碳纳米管(MWCNT)复合材料的制造过程示意图^[38]

Figure 3. Structural characteristics of segregated structure materials: (a) Schematic illustration of fabrication procedure of CNT/poly(lactic acid) (PLA) composites^[42]; (b) Schematic illustration of fabrication procedure of PLA/multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) composites^[38]

PDLA—Poly(D-lactide); PLLA—Poly(L-lactide); hc—Homocrystallites; sc—Stereocomplex crystallites; σ_DC—Direct-current electrical conductivity; λ_eff—Effective thermal conductivity

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图 4 隔离结构材料中填料分布示意图: (a) 0.1wt% CNT; (b) 0.5wt% CNT; (c) 2.0wt% CNT^[44-45]

Figure 4. Schematic diagram of filler distribution in segregated structure materials: (a) 0.1wt% CNT; (b) 0.5wt% CNT; (c) 2.0wt% CNT^[44-45]

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图 5 “吸收-反射-再吸收”屏蔽机制

Figure 5. “Absorption-reflflection-reabsorption” shielding mechanism

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图 6 逐层浇注法制备的多层梯度结构的Fe₃O₄@还原氧化石墨烯(rGO)/MWCNT/水性聚氨酯(WPU)复合材料^[9]

Figure 6. Gradient multilayered structure of Fe₃O₄@reduced graphene oxide (rGO)/MWCNT/waterborne polyurethane (WPU) composites prepared by layer-by-layer casting method^[9]

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图 7 rGO/纳米纤维素(CNF)/rGO复合材料的“三明治”结构和导电性测试示意图^[60]

Figure 7. Schematic diagram of “sandwich”structure and conductivity test of rGO/cellulose nanofiber (CNF)/rGO composites^[60]

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图 8 特殊结构: (a)秸秆衍生的中空多孔碳管^[63]; (b)碳化甘蔗的有序多孔结构^[64]; (c)碳化废瓦楞纸板的特殊结构^[66]

Figure 8. Special structures: (a) Straw-derived hollow porous carbon-tube^[63]; (b) Ordered porous structure of carbonized sugarcane^[64]; (c) Special structures of carbonized waste corrugated boards^[66]

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