各向异性不同含量羟基铁粉颗粒/磁性聚氨酯泡沫的可控力学和声学性能

王彩萍; 张家华; 王晓杰

doi:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20200401.001

各向异性不同含量羟基铁粉颗粒/磁性聚氨酯泡沫的可控力学和声学性能

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20200401.001

王彩萍^1,,
张家华^{1, 2,},
王晓杰^1, ,

1.
中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院　先进制造技术研究所，常州 213164
2.
南京林业大学　机械电子工程学院，南京 210037

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(11572320)

详细信息

通讯作者:
王晓杰，博士，教授，博士生导师，研究方向为智能材料与结构、振动噪声分析与控制　E-mail：xjwang@iamt.ac.cn

中图分类号: TB333
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-01-07
- 录用日期: 2020-03-23
- 网络出版日期: 2020-04-01
- 刊出日期: 2020-12-15

Tunable mechanical and acoustic properties of anisotropic magnetic polyurethane foams with different carbonyl iron powder magnetic particle contents

WANG Caiping^1
,,
ZHANG Jiahua^{1, 2
,},
WANG Xiaojie^{1
, ,}

1.
Institute of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changzhou 213164, China
2.
College of Electronic and Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China

摘要

摘要: 聚氨酯泡沫(PUFs)被广泛应用于飞机、车辆和许多其他设施中的噪声控制。本文研究的磁性聚氨酯泡沫(MPUFs)是一种新型智能泡沫，其力学和声学特性可通过磁场控制。采用一步全水法制备了添加羟基铁粉颗粒的磁性聚氨酯泡沫(CIPs/MPUFs)，在发泡过程中施加一定强度的磁场，磁颗粒沿着外加磁场方向排列成链状有序结构，得到各向异性磁性泡沫。在外加磁场作用下，CIPs/MPUFs内部磁性颗粒发生迁移，材料的力学和声学性能发生改变。实验研究了外加磁场对CIPs/MPUFs力学性能和吸声性能的影响。实验结果表明：在外加磁场条件下，CIPs/MPUFs的储能模量和损耗模量随磁性颗粒含量的增加而增加；CIPs/MPUFs的平均吸声系数变化幅度在1%~7%之间，当颗粒含量为5wt%、制备磁场为200 mT、测试施加1.5 A电流时，CIPs/MPUFs的平均吸声系数增加幅度最大，为6.5%。
- 各向异性 /
- 外加磁场 /
- 磁性聚氨酯泡沫 /
- 力学性能 /
- 声学性能
Abstract: Polyurethane foams (PUFs) have been widely used in aircrafts, vehicles and many other facilities for noise control. Magnetic polyurethane foams (MPUFs) are a new kind of smart foams whose mechanical and acoustic properties can be controlled by magnetic fields. In this paper, the anisotropic MPUFs was studied which were prepared by one-step full water foaming method with carbonyl iron powders (CIPs) magnetic particles. During the foaming process, the magnetic field was applied, and the CIPs were arrayed into a chain-like structure along the direction of the magnetic field. The movement of CIPs inside MPUFs under the magnetic field induces a change towards the mechanical and sound absorption properties. The influence of the external magnetic field on the mechanical properties and sound absorption properties of CIPs/MPUFs was investigated by experiments. The results show that under the magnetic field, the storage modulus and loss modulus of CIPs/MPUFs increase with the increase of CIPs content. The variation of the average sound absorption coefficient is between 1% and 7%. For the sample with 5wt% CIPs foamed under 200 mT, the increment of its average sound absorption coefficient under 1.5 A is 6.5%, which is maximum.
- anisotropic /
- external magnetic field /
- magnetic polyurethane foams /
- mechanical properties /
- acoustic properties

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图 1 各向异性磁性聚氨酯泡沫(MPUFs)的制备过程

MF—Magnetic field; MDI—Diphenylmethylpropane diisocyanate

Figure 1. Preparation process of anisotropic magnetic polyurethane foams (MPUFs)

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图 2 MPUFs力学性能测试平台（a）和力学测试的两种模式（b）

Figure 2. Mechanical experiment platform of MPUFs (a) and two modes of mechanical experiment (b)

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图 3 MPUFs流变性能测试平台（a）及震荡和外加磁场方向与颗粒链方向关系（b）

Figure 3. Rheology experiment platform of MPUFs (a) and the relationship between the direction of oscillation, external magnetic field and particle chains (b)

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图 4 MPUFs声学测试平台(a)及入射声波、外加磁场方向与颗粒链方向的关系（b）

Figure 4. Sound absorption experiment platform of MPUFs (a) and the relationship between the direction of incidental acoustic wave, external magnetic field and particle chains (b)

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图 5 CIPs/ MPUFs试样厚度10 mm处平均磁场与施加电流大小的关系

Figure 5. Relationship between the average magnetic field intensity and applied current magnitude of CIPs/ MPUFs sample at 10 mm thickness

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图 6 各向异性CIPs/MPUFs制备时施加的磁场强度与各向异性程度的关系

Figure 6. Relationship between magnetic field intensity during the foaming process and the degree of anisotropic CIPs/MPUFs

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图 7 CIPs/ MPUFs的应力-应变曲线(压缩速率为10 mm/min)

Figure 7. Stress-strain curves of CIPs/ MPUFs (Compression rate is 10 mm/min) ((a) Parallel to the particle chain direction of 5^#, 4^# and 6^#; (b) Parallel to and perpendicular to the particle chain direction of 5^# ; (c) Parallel to and perpendicular to the particle chain direction of 4^# ; (d) Parallel to and perpendicular to the particle chain direction of 6^#)

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图 8 施加0 mT和500 mT磁场条件下5^#(5wt%、200 mT)、 4^#(15wt%、200 mT)和6^#(40wt%、200 mT)CIPs/MPUFs试样的储能模量(a)和损耗模量(b) (实验温度为25℃)

Figure 8. Storage modulus (a) and loss modulus (b) of 5^#(5wt%, 200 mT)，4^#(15wt%, 200 mT) and 6^#(40wt%, 200 mT) CIPs/MPUFs samples at 0 mT and 500 mT (Experimental temperature is 25 ℃)

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图 9 0 A(a)和1.5 A(b)电流条件下5^#(5wt%, 200 mT)、4^#(15wt%, 200 mT)和6^#(40wt%, 200 mT) CIPs/MPUFs试样的吸声系数

Figure 9. Sound absorption coefficient of 5^#(5wt%, 200 mT)， 4^#(15wt%, 200 mT) and 6^#(40wt%, 200 mT) CIPs/MPUFs samples at 0 A(a) and 1.5 A (b)

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图 10 64~500 Hz范围内5^#、4^#和6^#CIPs/MPUFs试样在分别施加0 A和1.5 A电流条件下的平均吸声系数

Figure 10. Average sound absorption coefficients of 5^#，4^# and 6^# CIPs/MPUFs samples under 0 A and 1.5 A during the range of 64-500 Hz

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表 1 各向同性和各向异性羰基铁粉(CIPs)/MPUFs配方

Table 1. Formulations for the isotropic and anisotropic carbonyl iron powders (CIPs)/MPUFs

Sample	Carbonyl iron particles/wt%	Magnetic intensity/mT	A component					B component
Sample	Carbonyl iron particles/wt%	Magnetic intensity/mT	Polyether polyol/g	Deionized water/g	DBTDL/ g	Silicone oil/g	Carbonyl iron particles/g	MDI/ g
1^#	15	50	25.000	0.750	0.075	0.500	6.570	17.500
2^#	15	100	25.000	0.750	0.075	0.500	6.570	17.500
3^#	15	150	25.000	0.750	0.075	0.500	6.570	17.500
4^#	15	200	25.000	0.750	0.075	0.500	6.570	17.500
5^#	5	200	25.000	0.750	0.075	0.500	2.190	17.500
6^#	40	200	25.000	0.750	0.075	0.500	17.530	17.500
Note: DBTDL—Dibutyltin dilaurate.

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