Tunable mechanical and acoustic properties of anisotropic magnetic polyurethane foams with different carbonyl iron powder magnetic particle contents
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摘要: 聚氨酯泡沫(PUFs)被广泛应用于飞机、车辆和许多其他设施中的噪声控制。本文研究的磁性聚氨酯泡沫(MPUFs)是一种新型智能泡沫,其力学和声学特性可通过磁场控制。采用一步全水法制备了添加羟基铁粉颗粒的磁性聚氨酯泡沫(CIPs/MPUFs),在发泡过程中施加一定强度的磁场,磁颗粒沿着外加磁场方向排列成链状有序结构,得到各向异性磁性泡沫。在外加磁场作用下,CIPs/MPUFs内部磁性颗粒发生迁移,材料的力学和声学性能发生改变。实验研究了外加磁场对CIPs/MPUFs力学性能和吸声性能的影响。实验结果表明:在外加磁场条件下,CIPs/MPUFs的储能模量和损耗模量随磁性颗粒含量的增加而增加;CIPs/MPUFs的平均吸声系数变化幅度在1%~7%之间,当颗粒含量为5wt%、制备磁场为200 mT、测试施加1.5 A电流时,CIPs/MPUFs的平均吸声系数增加幅度最大,为6.5%。Abstract: Polyurethane foams (PUFs) have been widely used in aircrafts, vehicles and many other facilities for noise control. Magnetic polyurethane foams (MPUFs) are a new kind of smart foams whose mechanical and acoustic properties can be controlled by magnetic fields. In this paper, the anisotropic MPUFs was studied which were prepared by one-step full water foaming method with carbonyl iron powders (CIPs) magnetic particles. During the foaming process, the magnetic field was applied, and the CIPs were arrayed into a chain-like structure along the direction of the magnetic field. The movement of CIPs inside MPUFs under the magnetic field induces a change towards the mechanical and sound absorption properties. The influence of the external magnetic field on the mechanical properties and sound absorption properties of CIPs/MPUFs was investigated by experiments. The results show that under the magnetic field, the storage modulus and loss modulus of CIPs/MPUFs increase with the increase of CIPs content. The variation of the average sound absorption coefficient is between 1% and 7%. For the sample with 5wt% CIPs foamed under 200 mT, the increment of its average sound absorption coefficient under 1.5 A is 6.5%, which is maximum.
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图 7 CIPs/ MPUFs的应力-应变曲线(压缩速率为10 mm/min)
Figure 7. Stress-strain curves of CIPs/ MPUFs (Compression rate is 10 mm/min) ((a) Parallel to the particle chain direction of 5#, 4# and 6#; (b) Parallel to and perpendicular to the particle chain direction of 5# ; (c) Parallel to and perpendicular to the particle chain direction of 4# ; (d) Parallel to and perpendicular to the particle chain direction of 6#)
表 1 各向同性和各向异性羰基铁粉(CIPs)/MPUFs配方
Table 1. Formulations for the isotropic and anisotropic carbonyl iron powders (CIPs)/MPUFs
Sample Carbonyl iron particles/wt% Magnetic intensity/mT A component B component Polyether
polyol/gDeionized
water/gDBTDL/
gSilicone
oil/gCarbonyl iron
particles/gMDI/
g1# 15 50 25.000 0.750 0.075 0.500 6.570 17.500 2# 15 100 25.000 0.750 0.075 0.500 6.570 17.500 3# 15 150 25.000 0.750 0.075 0.500 6.570 17.500 4# 15 200 25.000 0.750 0.075 0.500 6.570 17.500 5# 5 200 25.000 0.750 0.075 0.500 2.190 17.500 6# 40 200 25.000 0.750 0.075 0.500 17.530 17.500 Note: DBTDL—Dibutyltin dilaurate. -
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