高孔隙率三维结构木材构建功能复合材料的研究进展

杨蕊; 曹清华; 梅长彤; 洪枢; 徐真; 李建章

doi:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20200324.001

高孔隙率三维结构木材构建功能复合材料的研究进展

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20200324.001

杨蕊^{1, 2},
曹清华^{1, 2},
梅长彤^{1, 2},
洪枢^{1, 2},
徐真³,
李建章^{2, 4, ,}

1.
南京林业大学　材料科学与工程学院，南京 210037
2.
南京林业大学林业资源高效加工利用协同创新中心，南京 210037
3.
苏州翔实医药发展有限公司，苏州 215000
4.
北京林业大学　木材科学与应用教育部重点实验室，北京 100083

基金项目: 江苏省高校自然科学基金重大项目(18KJA220002)；江苏省苏北科技专项(SZ-SQ2018018)

详细信息

通讯作者:
李建章，博士，教授，研究方向为仿生木基复合材料　E-mail：13681090171@126.com

中图分类号: TB332
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-12-11
- 录用日期: 2020-03-13
- 网络出版日期: 2020-03-24
- 刊出日期: 2020-08-15

Research progress of functional composite materials constructed from high porosity three-dimensional structural wood

YANG Rui^{1, 2},
CAO Qinghua^{1, 2},
MEI Changtong^{1, 2},
HONG Shu^{1, 2},
XU Zhen³,
LI Jianzhang^{2, 4
, ,}

1.
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
2.
Co-innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forestry Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
3.
SYN Thesis Med Chem (Hong Kong) Limited CO., Suzhou 215000, China
4.
MOE Key Laboratory of Wooden Material Science and Application, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China

摘要

摘要: 木材兼具生态友好性和再生性，是符合可持续发展的生态材料。通过选择性去除半纤维素和木质素，将木材制备成具备高孔隙率的三维结构木材，可充分发挥其孔隙率高、纤维排布有序、比表面积大等特点，同时保留木材本身生物相容性好、各向异性突出等优势，在柔性电子设备、污染治理、智能窗户、生物医学、锂电池和建筑材料等领域具有潜在发展潜力。本文总结了以柔性木材、透明木材、木材海绵、碳化木材、木材水凝胶和致密化木材为代表的功能性高孔隙率三维结构木材的形成机制及制备方法，指出了存在的问题，探讨其未来的研究发展方向，以期为新型木基功能材料的研究提供新思路。
- 木材 /
- 高孔隙率 /
- 三维结构 /
- 功能复合材料 /
- 生态材料
Abstract: Wood is both ecological friendly and renewable, and is an ecological material consistent with sustainable development. By selectively removing hemicellulose and lignin, wood can be prepared into three-dimensional structural wood with high porosity, which can fully take advantage of its high porosity, orderly arrangement of fibers, large specific surface area and good bio-compatibility, outstanding anisotropy of the wood itself. It has potential development value in the fields of flexible electronic equipment, pollution control, smart windows, biomedicine, lithium batteries and building materials. This paper summarized the formation mechanism and preparation methods of functional high porosity three-dimensional structural materials represented by flexible wood, wood sponge, transparent wood, wood hydrogel, carbonized wood and densified wood. The existing problems are pointed out and the future research and development direction are discussed, hoping to provide new ideas for the research and development of new wood-based functional materials.
- wood /
- high porosity /
- three-dimensional structure /
- functional composite materials /
- ecological mate- rial

HTML全文

图 1 “一步化学处理法”制备的柔性三维多孔木片在不同pH条件下的性能比较^[18]

Figure 1. Performance comparison of flexible three-dimensional porous wood film prepared by one-step chemical treatment under different pH conditions^[18]

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 各向异性柔性木纸的设计概念^[19]

Figure 2. Design concept of anisotropic flexible wood paper^[19]

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 光致变色透明木材窗户的模拟应用^[33]

Figure 3. Simulation application of photochromic transparent wood windows^[33]

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 从天然巴沙木直接制成具有弹簧状片状结构的可高度压缩的木质海绵^[48]

CVD—Chemical vapor deposition

Figure 4. Highly compressible wood sponge with a spring-shaped sheet structure made directly from natural balsa wood^[48]

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 易碎木材碳(WC)和高压缩性的木材碳海绵(WCS)的设计和制造过程^[49]

Figure 5. Design and manufacture process of brittle wood carbon(WC) and highly compressible wood carbon sponge(WCS)^[49]

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 裸Li金属电极和通道排列良好的Li/ C木电极的Li剥离/电镀行为示意图^[52]

SEI—Soild electrolyte interphase

Figure 6. Schematic diagram of Li stripping/plating behavior for bare Li metal electrodes and Li/C-wood electrodes with well-aligned channels^[52]

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 木材水凝胶结构网络微观示意图^[68]

Figure 7. Schematic illustration and network microscopic structure of wood hydrogel^[68]

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 致密化木材的加工方法

Figure 8. Processing approach of densified wood

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

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