灰粉比对苯丙乳液基水泥复合材料静态力学性能及破坏形态的影响

王腾蛟; 许金余; 朱从进; 任韦波

doi:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20200212.002

灰粉比对苯丙乳液基水泥复合材料静态力学性能及破坏形态的影响

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20200212.002

王腾蛟^1,,
许金余^{1, 2, ,},
朱从进^1,,
任韦波^1,

1.
空军工程大学　航空工程学院，西安 710038
2.
西北工业大学　力学与土木建筑学院，西安 710072

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(51208507; 51378497)

详细信息

通讯作者:
许金余，博士，教授，博士生导师，研究方向为结构工程与防护工程　E-mail：xujinyuafeu@163.com

中图分类号: TU528
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-10-23
- 录用日期: 2020-01-03
- 网络出版日期: 2020-02-13
- 刊出日期: 2020-09-15

Effects of cement-powder ratio on static mechanical properties and failure forms of styrene-acrylic emulsion-based cement composites

WANG Tengjiao^1
,,
XU Jinyu^{1, 2
, ,},
ZHU Congjin^1
,,
REN Weibo^1
,

1.
Aeronautics Engineering College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi’an 710038, China
2.
College of Mechanics and Civil Architecture, Northwest Polytechnic University, Xi’an 710072, China

摘要

摘要: 对不同灰粉比的苯丙乳液基水泥复合材料进行定伸、拉伸和剪切试验，通过测量弹性恢复率、拉伸剪切力学性能指标、变形性能指标、能耗性能指标和负荷位移，研究了灰粉比对苯丙乳液基水泥复合材料定伸黏结性能、拉伸力学性能、剪切力学性能及破坏形态的影响，结合FESEM试验和压汞测孔(MIP)试验结果，分析了灰粉比对苯丙乳液基水泥复合材料力学性能及破坏形态影响规律的微观机制。结果表明：适当增大灰粉比能够改善苯丙乳液基水泥复合材料的微观形貌，优化孔隙结构，提高密实度，显著增强了复合材料的力学性能；随着灰粉比的增大，苯丙乳液基水泥复合材料的定伸黏结性能逐渐降低，拉伸剪切力学性能不断增强，拉伸剪切变形性能和能耗性能均先提升后降低。灰粉比为30%~35%时，苯丙乳液基水泥复合材料的拉伸剪切力学性能最佳；灰粉比为45%时，苯丙乳液基水泥复合材料的拉伸剪切变形性能和能耗性能均低于灰粉比为20%的苯丙乳液基水泥复合材料。随着灰粉比的增大，苯丙乳液基水泥复合材料能够承受的拉伸和剪切负荷位移均先增大后减小，其破坏形态逐步由“内聚破坏”转为“黏结破坏”。
- 灰粉比 /
- 苯丙乳液基水泥复合材料 /
- 定伸黏结性能 /
- 拉伸力学性能 /
- 剪切力学性能 /
- 破坏形态
Abstract: Fixed tensile, tensile and shear tests were carried out on styrene-acrylic emulsion-based cement composite specimens with six different cement-powder ratios to measure the elastic recovery rate, tensile and shear mechanical performance indicators, deformation performance indicators, energy consumption performance indicators and load displacement of the specimens, thereby the effects of cement-powder ratio on the fixed tensile bonding performance, tensile mechanical properties, shear mechanical properties and failure forms of the specimens were studied. And the microscopic mechanism of cement-powder ratio influencing on the mechanical properties and failure forms of the composite was analyzed based on the results of FE-SEM test and Mercury Intrusion Porosimeter(MIP) test. The results show that increasing the cement-powder ratio appropriately can improve the microstructure and optimize the pore structure of the composite. In addition, it can also improve the compactness and significantly enhance the mechanical properties of the composite. With the increase of the cement-powder ratio, the fixed tensile and bonding performance of the specimens gradually decreases, the tensile and shear mechanical performance are continuously improved, and the tensile and shear deformation performance and energy consumption performance of the specimens firstly increase and then decrease. When the cement-powder ratio is between 30% and 35%, the tensile and shear mechanical properties of the specimens are the best. When the cement-powder ratio is 45%, the tensile and shear deformation performance and energy consumption performance of the specimens are worse than the specimens with the cement-powder ratio of 20%. As the cement-powder ratio increases, the load displacement that the specimens can withstand gradually increases firstly and decreases, and the failure form of the specimens gradually changes from “cohesive failure” to “bond failure”.
- cement-powder ratio /
- styrene-acrylic emulsion-based cement composite /
- fixed tensile and bonding performance /
- tensile mechanical properties /
- shear mechanical properties /
- failure form

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图 1 苯丙乳液基水泥复合材料试件

Figure 1. Styrene-acrylic emulsion-based cement composite specimen

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图 2 定伸试验模具

Figure 2. Fixed tensile test mold

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图 3 拉伸试验设备夹具

Figure 3. Tensile test equipment fixture

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图 4 剪切试验设备夹具

Figure 4. Shear test equipment fixture

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图 5 不同灰粉比的苯丙乳液基水泥复合材料的定伸试验破坏形态

Figure 5. Failure forms of fixed tensile test of styrene-acrylic emulsion-based cement composites with different cement-powder ratios

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图 6 灰粉比对苯丙乳液基水泥复合材料弹性恢复率的影响

Figure 6. Effect of cement-powder ratio on elastic recovery rate of styrene-acrylic emulsion-based cement composites

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图 7 灰粉比对苯丙乳液基水泥复合材料拉伸性能的影响

Figure 7. Effect of cement-powder ratio on tensile performance of styrene-acrylic emulsion-based cement composites

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图 8 灰粉比对苯丙乳液基水泥复合材料拉伸变形性能的影响

Figure 8. Effect of cement-powder ratio on tensile deformation performance of styrene-acrylic emulsion-based cement composites

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图 9 灰粉比对苯丙乳液基水泥复合材料拉伸能耗性能的影响

Figure 9. Effect of cement-powder ratio on tensile energy consumption performance of styrene-acrylic emulsion-based cement composites

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图 10 灰粉比对苯丙乳液基水泥复合材料剪切性能的影响

Figure 10. Effect of cement-powder ratio on shear performance of styrene-acrylic emulsion-based cement composites

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图 11 灰粉比对苯丙乳液基水泥复合材料剪切变形性能的影响

Figure 11. Effect of cement-powder ratio on shear deformation performance of styrene-acrylic emulsion-based cement composites

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图 12 灰粉比对苯丙乳液基水泥复合材料剪切能耗性能的影响

Figure 12. Effect of cement-powder ratio on shear energy consumption performance of styrene-acrylic emulsion-based cement composites

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图 13 不同灰粉比的苯丙乳液基水泥复合材料典型的拉伸破坏形态

Figure 13. Typical forms of tensile failure of styrene-acrylic emulsion-based cement composites with different cement-powder ratios

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图 14 不同灰粉比的苯丙乳液基水泥复合材料典型的剪切破坏形态

Figure 14. Typical forms of shear failure of styrene-acrylic emulsion-based cement composites with different cement-powder ratios

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图 15 灰粉比对苯丙乳液基水泥复合材料微观形貌的影响

Figure 15. Effect of cement-powder ratio on the microscopic appearance of styrene-acrylic emulsion-based cement composite specimens

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图 16 苯丙乳液基水泥复合材料典型的微观结构

Figure 16. Typical microstructures of styrene-acrylic emulsion-based cement composites

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图 17 苯丙乳液基水泥复合材料孔径分布微分曲线

Figure 17. Differential curves of pore diameter distribution for styrene-acrylic emulsion-based cement composites

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图 18 苯丙乳液基水泥复合材料孔隙量百分比

Figure 18. Porosity percentage of styrene-acrylic emulsion-based cement composites

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表 1 水泥的性能指标

Table 1. Performance indicators of cement

Stability	Loss on ignition/%	Setting time/min		Compressive strength/MPa		Flexural strength/MPa
Stability	Loss on ignition/%	Initial condensation	Final condensation	3 d	28 d	3 d	28 d
Qualified	1.54	141	296	32.2	54.6	6.7	9.1

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表 2 Acronal S400F ap型苯丙乳液的性能指标

Table 2. Performance indicators of Acronal S400F ap type styrene-acrylic emulsion

Exterior	Average granularity/μm	Glass transition temperature/℃	Solid content/%	Viscosity/(mPa·s)	pH
Milky white liquid	0.1	–6	55–57	400–1 800	7.0–8.4

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表 3 SN-DISPERSANT 5040型分散剂的性能指标

Table 3. Performance indicators of SN-DISPERSANT 5040 dispersant

Exterior	Ionicity	Solubility	Solid component/%	Proportion	pH	Viscosity /(mPa·s)
Exterior	Ionicity	Solubility	Solid component/%	Proportion	pH	5℃	25℃
Light yellow liquid	Anion	Soluble in water	42.5	1.29	7.5	1 700	450

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表 4 DN-12的性能指标

Table 4. Performance indicators of DN-12

Exterior	Molecular formula	Content	Moisture	Acidity
Colorless and transparent, no mechanical impurities	C₁₂H₂₄O₃	≥ 99.0%	≤ 0.1%	≤ 0.05%

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表 5 滑石粉的性能指标

Table 5. Performance indicators of talcum powder

Type	Grade	Color	Fineness	Silica content/%	Magnesium oxide content/%
Super fine talcum powder	First level	Pure white	600	60	30

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表 6 苯丙乳液基水泥复合材料配合比

Table 6. Mix ratio of styrene-acrylic emulsion-based cement composite specimen


Specimen number	Cement-powder ratio/%	Powder-liquid ratio	Cement/ g	Talcum powder/g	Styrene-acrylic emulsion/g	Dispersant/ g	Defoamer/ g	Filming aid/g
1^#	20	0.40	8	32	100	1.12	0.7	5
2^#	25	0.40	10	30	100	1.12	0.7	5
3^#	30	0.40	12	28	100	1.12	0.7	5
4^#	35	0.40	14	26	100	1.12	0.7	5
5^#	40	0.40	16	24	100	1.12	0.7	5
6^#	45	0.40	18	22	100	1.12	0.7	5

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表 7 苯丙乳液基水泥复合材料的孔隙结构参数

Table 7. Pore structure parameters of styrene-acrylic emulsion-based cement composites

Specimen number	Total pore volume/(mL·g⁻¹)	Average aperture/nm	Median aperture/nm	Optimum aperture/nm	Percentage of porosity/%
Specimen number	Total pore volume/(mL·g⁻¹)	Average aperture/nm	Median aperture/nm	Optimum aperture/nm	<10 nm	10–100 nm	100–1 000 nm	>1 000 nm
1^#	0.2407	116.40	14 980.21	11 962.32	3.15	7.51	5.67	83.67
2^#	0.1401	103.15	9 067.39	10 955.03	4.43	9.80	12.35	73.42
4^#	0.1023	72.39	2 211.74	10.35	8.16	27.51	8.16	56.17
6^#	0.0659	54.83	606.84	7.16	9.15	30.66	13.16	47.03

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