Anti-ablative property of (C/C)/SiC-ZrC composites with different ZrC content
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摘要: 采用先驱体转化(PIP)法制备了不同ZrC含量的(C/C)/SiC-ZrC复合材料,考察了ZrC含量对复合材料微观结构和抗烧蚀性能的影响。结果表明,氧乙炔烧蚀600 s后,(C/C)/SiC复合材料表面疏松,出现了较大的烧蚀凹坑;而(C/C)/SiC-ZrC复合材料表面相对较致密,被白色氧化物质覆盖,烧蚀率均有所降低。在较低的ZrC含量下,(C/C)/SiC-ZrC复合材料表面形成ZrO2-SiO2二元共熔体系氧化膜,有效抑制氧化性气氛向复合材料内部渗透,同时氧化物不断熔化和挥发,降低了复合材料烧蚀表面的温度;而当ZrC体积分数为12.4vol%时,在烧蚀过程中(C/C)/SiC-ZrC复合材料表面能形成一个ZrO2外层/SiO2内层的双层结构保护膜,ZrO2是一种优异的热障材料,且导热系数较低,使烧蚀过程中烧蚀区域热扩散降低,因此(C/C)/SiC-ZrC复合材料表现为较高的表面温度,但双层氧化膜阻挡有氧气氛进一步进入复合材料内部,使复合材料表现出优异的抗烧蚀性能。
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关键词:
- (C/C)/SiC-ZrC /
- 复相陶瓷 /
- 抗烧蚀性能 /
- 表面温度 /
- 烧蚀机制
Abstract: The (C/C)/SiC-ZrC composites with different ZrC content were fabricated by precursor infiltration and pyrolysis (PIP) process, and effects of the ZrC content on the microstructures and anti-ablative properties of the (C/C)/SiC-ZrC composites were investigated. The results show that after oxyacetylene ablation 600 s, the surface of (C/C)/SiC composites are loose, and a rather large ablation pit appeared. Whereas the surface of (C/C)/SiC-ZrC composites are compact relatively and coverd by white oxide. Compared with (C/C)/SiC composites, ablation rate of (C/C)/SiC-ZrC composites with different ZrC content decreases. When the ZrC content is low, ZrO2-SiO2 binary eutectic systems a oxide film is formed on the surface, which can effectively prevent the infiltration of oxidation atmosphere, and also the oxide melt and volatilize continuously, which can reduce temperature of ablation surface of the (C/C)/SiC-ZrC composites. When the ZrC volume fraction rises to 12.4vol%, outer ZrO2 and inner SiO2 are formed by the oxidation of ZrC and SiC, respectively. ZrO2 is a excellent heat barrier material with low heat conduction coefficient, which can alleviate the heat diffusion of ablation area during ablation, leading the higher surface temperature of the (C/C)/SiC-ZrC composites, but two dense oxidation film can prevent the corrosion of oxidation atmosphere, resulting in a good ablation resistance of (C/C)/SiC-ZrC composites.-
Key words:
- (C/C)/SiC-ZrC /
- multiphase ceramics /
- anti-ablative property /
- surface temperature /
- ablation mechnism
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表 1 (C/C)/SiC-ZrC复合材料各组分的体积分数
Table 1. Volume fraction of different components of (C/C)/SiC-ZrC composites
Sample Density/(g·cm–3) Volume fraction/vol% Porosity/% Vf VC VSiC VZrC (C/C)/SiC 1.820 24.5 38.9 28.8 0 7.83 (C/C)/SiC-ZrC-1# 1.861 24.3 38.9 27.8 4.02 4.98 (C/C)/SiC-ZrC-2# 1.870 24.0 38.9 25.1 7.22 4.78 (C/C)/SiC-ZrC-3# 1.950 23.5 38.9 21.3 12.40 3.90 Notes: Vf—Volume fraction of carbon fiber; VC—Volume fraction of pyrolytic carbon; VSiC—Volume fraction of SiC; VZrC—Volume fraction of ZrC fraction of SiC; VZrC—Volume fraction of ZrC. 表 2 (C/C)/SiC和(C/C)/SiC-ZrC复合材料的线烧蚀率、质量烧蚀率及烧蚀深度
Table 2. Linear ablation rate, mass ablation rate and ablation depth of (C/C)/SiC and (C/C)/SiC-ZrC composites
Sample Ablation time/s Linear ablation rate/(mm·s–1) Mass ablation rate/(g·s–1) Ablation depth/mm (C/C)/SiC 600 0.0047 0.0033 2.79 (C/C)/SiC-ZrC-1# 600 0.0027 0.0019 1.61 (C/C)/SiC-ZrC-2# 600 0.0019 0.0016 1.14 (C/C)/SiC-ZrC-3# 600 0.0012 0.0004 0.72 -
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