微纳米SiC/环氧树脂复合材料的界面和非线性电导特性

韩永森; 孙健; 张昕; 郭文敏; 李忠华

doi:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20191120.002

微纳米SiC/环氧树脂复合材料的界面和非线性电导特性

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20191120.002

哈尔滨理工大学　工程电介质及其应用教育部重点实验室，哈尔滨 150080

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(51837003)；哈尔滨理工大学工程电介质及其应用教育部重点实验室前沿项目预研基金(2018EDAQY03)

详细信息

通讯作者:
韩永森，博士，副教授，硕士生导师，研究方向为非线性绝缘材料介电特性及测试　E-mail：hys2006@hrbust.edu.cn

中图分类号: TB332; TM215.92
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-08-23
- 录用日期: 2019-10-22
- 网络出版日期: 2019-11-20
- 刊出日期: 2020-07-15

Interface and nonlinear conduction characteristics of micro-nano SiC/epoxy composites

Key Laboratory of Engineering Dielectrics and Its Application, Ministry of Education, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080, China

摘要

摘要: 以微米和纳米SiC为填料，制备了不同填料配比的微纳米SiC/环氧树脂(EP)复合材料。测试了微纳米SiC/EP复合材料的玻璃化转变温度、室温介电谱和直流电导特性。分析了填料与基体之间的界面对玻璃化转变温度、介电谱及直流电导特性的影响。实验结果表明，在微米和纳米SiC填料的共同掺杂下，随着纳米SiC填料含量的增加，微纳米SiC/EP复合材料的玻璃化转变温度先降低后升高。在相同频率下，微纳米SiC/EP复合材料具有更低的相对介电常数和低频损耗峰幅值。与EP相比，微纳米SiC/EP复合材料具备显著的非线性电导特性。与微米SiC/EP复合材料相比，微纳米SiC/EP复合材料具有更高的非线性指数和阈值电场强度。微纳米SiC/EP复合材料的非线性电导特性与SiC颗粒和EP基体之间的界面区密切相关。
- 环氧树脂 /
- SiC /
- 微纳米 /
- 界面 /
- 非线性电导 /
- 复合材料
Abstract: Micro-nano SiC/epoxy (EP) composites with different filler proportions were prepared with micro and nano SiC as the fillers. The glass transition temperature, room-temperature dielectric spectrum and direct current (DC) conduction of the micro-nano SiC/EP composites were measured. The effects of the interface between filler and matrix on the glass transition temperature, dielectric spectrum and DC conduction characteristics were analyzed. The results show that when the micro and nano SiC fillers are used together, the glass transition temperature of micro-nano SiC/EP composites decreases first and then increases with the increasing nano SiC filler content. At the same frequency, the micro-nano SiC/EP composites have lower relative permittivity and low-frequency loss peak. Compared with EP, the micro-nano SiC/EP composites present significant nonlinear conduction characteristics. In contrast with micro SiC/EP composite, the micro-nano SiC/EP composites have higher nonlinear exponent and switching electric field. The nonlinear conduction characteristics of micro-nano SiC/EP composites are closely related to the interfacial region between SiC particles and EP matrix.
- epoxy resin /
- SiC /
- micro-nano /
- interface /
- nonlinear conduction /
- composite

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图 1 微纳米SiC/EP复合材料的玻璃化转变温度

Figure 1. Glass transition temperature of micro-nano SiC/EP composites

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图 2 室温下微纳米SiC/EP复合材料相对介电常数、介电常数虚部和损耗角正切与频率的关系

Figure 2. Relationships between relative permittivity, imaginary permittivity, loss tangent and frequency of micro-nano SiC/EP composites at room temperature

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图 3 30℃下微纳米SiC/EP复合材料的电流密度与电场强度关系

Figure 3. Relationships between current density and electric field of micro-nano SiC/EP composites at 30℃

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图 4 30℃时微纳米SiC/EP复合材料在强电场作用下J/E²与1/E的关系

Figure 4. Relationships between J/E² and 1/E for micro-nano SiC/EP composites under high electric field at 30℃

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图 5 不同电场强度下微纳米SiC/EP复合材料的电导率

Figure 5. Conductivities of micro-nano SiC/EP composites under different electric fields (E_c—Switching electric field; α—Nonlinear exponent)

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图 6 微米SiC/EP和微纳米SiC/EP复合材料的陷阱密度和0.26 kV∙mm⁻¹下电导率与单位体积内SiC/EP界面总面积的关系

Figure 6. Relationships between trap density, conductivity under 0.26 kV∙mm⁻¹and total SiC/EP interface area per volume unit for micro SiC/EP and micro-nano SiC/EP composites

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图 7 微米SiC/EP和微纳米SiC/EP复合材料的非线性指数和阈值电场强度与陷阱密度的关系

Figure 7. Relationships between nonlinear exponent, switching electric field and trap densities for micro SiC/EP and micro-nano SiC/EP composites

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表 1 微纳米SiC/环氧树脂(EP)复合材料中微米和纳米SiC的填料含量

Table 1. Micro and nano SiC fillers contents of micro-nano SiC/epoxy (EP) composites

Specimen	EP/g	Micro SiC/g	Nano SiC/g
P	100	0	0
M	100	120	0
MN2	100	120	2
MN10	100	120	10

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表 2 通过式(3)和式(4)获得的微米SiC/EP和微纳米SiC/EP复合材料拟合参数

Table 2. Fitting parameters of micro SiC/EP and micro-nano SiC/EP composites obtained by equation (3) and equation (4)

Specimen number	M	MN2	MN10
λ from eq. (3)/nm	624	549	446
λ from eq. (4)/nm	0.24	0.02	0.08
β from eq. (4)/(V·m)^1/2	0.0011	0.0013	0.0011
ε_r from eq. (4)	0.0012	0.0008	0.0012
Notes: λ—Hopping distance; β—Poole-Frenkel coefficient; ε_r—Relative permittivity.

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表 3 微纳米SiC/EP复合材料的非线性电导参数

Table 3. Nonlinear-conduction parameters of micro-nano SiC/EP composites

Specimen	Switching electric field E_c/(kV·mm⁻¹)	Nonlinear exponent α
P	−	0.003
M	0.08	4.870
MN2	0.17	6.650
MN10	0.23	6.390

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表 4 微米SiC/EP和微纳米SiC/EP复合材料的填料体积分数(f)、最邻近填料颗粒间距离(D_nns)和单位体积内微纳米SiC/EP界面面积(S)

Table 4. Volume percentage (f), nearest neighbor spacing (D_nns) and micro-nano SiC/EP interface area (S) per volume unit of micro SiC/EP and micro-nano SiC/EP composites

Parameter	M	MN2	MN10
f (Micro SiC) /vol%	21.2	21.1	20.9
f (Nano SiC)/vol%	0	0.4	1.7
D_nns/nm	8 050	407.7	213.4
S (Micro interface)/(km²∙m⁻³)	0.06	0.06	0.05
−	0.24	1.02
S (Total interface)/(km²∙m⁻³)	0.06	0.30	1.07
Notes: S (Micro interface)—Micro SiC/EP interface area per volume unit; S (Nano interface)—Nano SiC/EP interface area per volume unit; S (Total interface)—Total SiC/EP interface area per volume unit.

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