碳纤维增强银粉改性树脂复合材料的雷击损伤效应

李斌; 常飞; 肖尧; 李曙林; 孙晋茹

doi:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20191118.002

碳纤维增强银粉改性树脂复合材料的雷击损伤效应

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20191118.002

李斌^1,,
常飞^1,,
肖尧^1, ,,
李曙林¹,
孙晋茹^2,

1.
空军工程大学　航空工程学院，西安 710038
2.
西安交通大学　电力设备电气绝缘国家重点实验室，西安 710049

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(51477132)

详细信息

通讯作者:
肖尧，硕士，讲师，研究方向为航空复合材料防雷击与防除冰　E-mail：624732051@qq.com

中图分类号: TB332；V258
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-09-18
- 录用日期: 2019-11-11
- 网络出版日期: 2019-11-18
- 刊出日期: 2020-08-15

Lightning damage effects of carbon fiber reinforced resin modified by silver powder

LI Bin^1
,,
CHANG Fei^1
,,
XIAO Yao^{1
, ,},
LI Shulin¹,
SUN Jinru^2
,

1.
Aeronautics Engineering College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi’an 710038, China
2.
State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China

摘要

摘要: 针对碳纤维增强树脂(CFRP)复合材料中树脂电阻大，在雷电流作用下会产生大量焦耳热造成雷击损伤的短板，探索通过增强基体的导电性来解决这一问题。为实现对CFRP复合材料的改性，在其环氧树脂浆料中加入了以Ag粉为主的导电填料，使改性CFRP复合材料层合板沿厚度方向的电导率提高217.30倍。采用不同峰值的单一雷电流D分量分别对改性及未改性CFRP复合材料层合板试件进行雷击损伤实验，通过损伤区域超声C扫描图像、试件残余温度场和仿真热解损伤的对比，分析基体改性对CFRP复合材料雷击损伤的防护机制。结果表明：通过Ag粉改性能有效提高CFRP复合材料层合板的电导率，且在厚度方向上的改性效果最佳；在峰值电流分别为20 kA、40 kA和60 kA的条件下，改性CFRP复合材料层合板的损伤面积分别下降87.28%、77.82%和88.59%，损伤深度分别增加147.06%、130.65%和119.72%；以损伤体积为最终指标，则Ag粉改性基体能有效降低CFRP复合材料的雷击损伤，其防护机制是通过减少雷电流作用下的高温区域面积和升温幅度来降低热解和爆炸冲击实现。
- 碳纤维增强树脂复合材料 /
- 银粉 /
- 基体改性 /
- 雷击损伤 /
- 有限元仿真 /
- 温度场
Abstract: Aiming at the shortcoming of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composite with high-resistance resin matrix producing large amount of joule heat damage caused by lightning under the action of lightning current, this paper explored to solve this problem by improving the conductivity of matrix. In order to modify CFRP composite matrix, a conductive filler based on Ag powder was added into the epoxy resin matrix paste and the conductivity of the modified CFRP composite laminate increases 217.30 times in thickness direction. The single D component of lightning current with different peak values was used to conduct lightning damage test on the modified and unmodified CFRP composite laminates. The ultrasonic C-scan image of the damaged area, the residual temperature field of the specimen and simulated pyrolysis damage were compared to analyze the protection mechanism. The results show that the electrical conductivity of CFRP composite laminates is improved by Ag-powder-matrix modification, and the modification effect is the best in thickness direction. Under the condition of peak current of 20 kA, 40 kA and 60 kA, the damage areas of modified CFRP composite laminates decrease by 87.28%, 77.82% and 88.59%, respectively, and the maximum damage depths increase by 147.06%, 130.65% and 119.72%, respectively. Taking the damage volume as the final index, the Ag-powder-matrix modification can effectively reduce the lightning damage of CFRP composite, and the protection mechanism is to reduce pyrolysis and explosion impact by reducing the area of high temperature and the temperature rise range under the action of lightning current.
- carbon fiber reinforced polymer /
- silver powder /
- matrix modification /
- lightning damage /
- finite element simulation /
- temperature field

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图 1 Ag粉改性前后碳纤维增强树脂(CFRP)复合材料层合板外观

Figure 1. Appearance of carbon fiber reinforced resin polymer(CFRP) composite laminates before and after Ag powder modification

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图 2 雷电发生平台及主回路原理图

Figure 2. Lightning generation and diagram of major loop

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图 3 实验雷电流波形

Figure 3. Test waveform of impulse current

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图 4 基体改性和未改性T700/E-51 CFRP复合材料层合板试件表观损伤情况

Figure 4. Surface damage of modified and unmodified T700/E-51 CFRP composite laminate specimens

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图 5 基体改性和未改性T700/E-51 CFRP复合材料层合板试件损伤超声C扫描图像

Figure 5. Images of damage via C-scan of modified and unmodified T700/E-51 CFRP composite laminate specimens

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图 6 CFRP复合材料层合板内部雷击损伤形态^[17]

Figure 6. Internal lightning damage pattern of CFRP composite laminate^[17]

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图 7 CFRP复合材料层合板雷击损伤仿真三维图

Figure 7. 3D simulation image of lightning damage of CFRP composite laminate

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图 8 A3和B3试件红外温度场(℃)

Figure 8. Infrared temperature fields of A3 and B3 specimens(℃)

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图 9 CFRP复合材料层合板有限元模型

Figure 9. Finite element analysis model of CFRP composite laminate

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图 10 基体改性和未改性T700/E-51 CFRP复合材料层合板试件热解损伤仿真结果

Figure 10. Pyrolytic damage simulation results of modified and unmodified T700/E-51 CFRP composite laminate specimens

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图 11 银粉改性和未改性CFRP复合材料层合板试件损伤、热解和防护效果对比

Figure 11. Comparison of damage, pyrolysis and protecting effects of modified and unmodified CFRP composite laminate specimens

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表 1 基体改性和未改性T700/E-51层合板不同方向的电导率对比

Table 1. Comparison of electric conductivities between modified and unmodified T700/E-51 laminates

Conductivity	${\sigma _X}$/(S·m⁻¹)	${\sigma _Y}$/(S·m⁻¹)	${\sigma _Z}$/(S·m⁻¹)
Unmodified	4 259.16	2 344.73	1.81
Modified	25 968.93	2 2033.60	395.13
Notes: ${\sigma _X}$—Conductivity along fiber direction; ${\sigma _Y}$—Conductivity perpendicular to fiber direction; ${\sigma _Z}$—Conductivity along the thickness direction.

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表 2 雷击实验参数

Table 2. Experimental parameters of lightning strike

Number	${I_{\rm{P}}}$/kA	${A_{\rm{I}}}$/(A²·s)	${Q_{\rm{I}}}$/C
A1	21.25	19 208.58	1.53
B1	22.45	33 882.18	2.72
A2	41.86	108 509.65	4.68
B2	43.43	160 366.25	6.90
A3	56.31	260 248.15	7.90
B3	59.45	380 479.99	11.27
Notes: ${I_{\rm{P}}}$—Peak current; ${A_{\rm{I}}}$—Action integral; ${Q_{\rm{I}}}$—Quantity of electricity; A1, A2, A3—Unmodified T700/E-51 laminates; B1, B2, B3—Modified T700/E-51 laminates.

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表 3 基体改性和未改性T700/E-51 CFRP复合材料层合板在单位电流参数下的损伤量

Table 3. Damage amount of modified and unmodified T700/E-51 CFRP composite laminate per unit current parameter

Number	Q_V/A_I/(10⁻³mm³·A⁻²·s⁻¹)	D_V/Q_I/(mm³·C⁻¹)
A1	1.020898	12.81699
B1	0.181806	2.264706
A2	0.910426	21.10897
B2	0.315091	7.323188
A3	5.474506	180.3456
B3	0.938919	31.69831
Note: ${D_{\rm{V}}}$—Volume of damage.

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