Preparation and properties of polypyrrole/carbon fiber paper electrothermal composites
-
摘要: 在碳纤维纸(CPP)上采用气相聚合法使吡咯单体发生聚合生成聚吡咯(PPY),制备聚吡咯/碳纤维(PPY/CF)纸导电发热复合材料。通过FTIR、SEM、XRD对PPY/CF纸复合材料进行测试分析,并探究了CPP中CF的最佳质量分数及FeCl3的最优溶度,研究了PPY/CF纸复合材料的力学性能和电热性能。结果表明,成功制备了PPY/CF纸复合材料,且PPY主要附着在芳纶浆粕上;采用CF质量分数为10 wt%的CPP且FeCl3浓度为1.2 mol/L时,制备的PPY/CF纸复合材料具有最低的电阻率,为0.139 Ω·cm;PPY/CF纸复合材料与CPP相比不仅力学性能大幅提高,而且在低电压下,PPY/CF纸复合材料具有导电性能稳定、发热效果显著、热稳定性好等优点。Abstract: Polypyrrole/carbon fiber (PPY/CF) paper electrothermal composites were prepared by polymerizing pyrrole monomers on carbon paper (CPP) by gas phase polymerization. The PPY/CF paper composites were tested by FTIR, SEM and XRD, the optimum mass fraction of CF in CPP and the optimal solubility of FeCl3 were investigated. The mechanical properties and electrothermal properties of PPY/CF paper composites were studied. The results show that PPY/CF paper composites are successfully prepared, and PPY is mainly attached to aramid pulp; The PPY/CF paper composite prepared with CPP precursor with 10 wt% CF mass fraction and FeCl3 with concentration of 1.2 mol/L has the lowest resistivity, which is 0.139 Ω·cm. The PPY/CF paper composite has a significant increase in mechanical properties compared with CPP. And under the low voltage, the PPY/CF paper composite has the advantages of stable electrical conductivity, remarkable heat generation effect and good thermal stability.
-
Key words:
- carbon fiber /
- polypyrrole /
- composites /
- resistivity /
- mechanical properties /
- electrothermal properties
-
表 1 CPP和PPY/CF纸复合材料的力学性能
Table 1. Mechanical properties of CPP and PPY/CF paper composites
CPP PPY/CF paper composite Tensile index/(N·m·g−1) 10.891±0.122 21.110±0.150 Burst resistance index/(kPa·m2·g−1) 2.123±0.113 4.569±0.185 Tear index/(mN·m2·g−1) 3.502±0.150 6.563±0.115 -
[1] BEGUM Y K, LALE I S, SELMIYE A G. Flexible carbon-cellulose fiber-based composite gas diffusion layer for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells[J]. Journal of Materials Science,2017,52(9):4968-4976. doi: 10.1007/s10853-016-0734-6 [2] QIAN R R, CHEN C S. Effect of conductive carbon material content and structure in carbon fiber paper made from carbon felt on the performance of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell[J]. Renewable Energy,2015,78:364-373. doi: 10.1016/j.renene.2015.01.021 [3] 施云舟, 王彪. 碳纤维导电纸的研究现状及其应用[J]. 化工新型材, 2014(4):192-194.SHI Yunzhou, WANG Biao. Research status and application of carbon fiber conductive paper[J]. New Chemical Materials,2014(4):192-194(in Chinese). [4] 王茂章, 贺福. 碳纤维的制造、性质及其应用[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 1984: 23-27.WANG Maozhang. HE Fu. The manufacture, properties and application of carbon fiber[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 1984: 23-27(in Chinese). [5] 张美云, 钟林新, 彭新文. 碳纤维屏蔽纸制造过程中纤维分散性能的研究[J]. 中华纸业, 2008, 29(6):10-13. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-9211.2008.06.002ZHANG Meiyun, ZHONG Linxin, PENG Xinwen. Study on fiber dispersion properties in carbon fiber shielding paper manufacturing process[J]. Zhonghua Paper,2008,29(6):10-13(in Chinese). doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-9211.2008.06.002 [6] 张旺玺. 聚丙烯腈基碳纤维[M]. 上海: 东华大学出版社, 2005: 12-19.ZHANG Wangxi. Polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber[M]. Shanghai: Donghua University Press, 2005: 12-19(in Chinese). [7] 张美云, 钟林新, 陈均志, 等. 碳纤维导电纸的性能及应用[J]. 中国造纸, 2008, 27(3):13-17. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0254-508X.2008.03.004ZHANG Meiyun, ZHONG Linxin, CHEN Junzhi, et al. Performance and application of carbon fiber conductive paper[J]. China Paper,2008,27(3):13-17(in Chinese). doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0254-508X.2008.03.004 [8] KAYNAK A, BELTRAN R. Effect of synthesis parameters on the electrical conductivity of polypyrrole-coated poly(ethylene terephthalate) fabrics[J]. Polymer International,2003,52(6):1021-1026. doi: 10.1002/pi.1195 [9] 李希萌, 厉英, 胡传波. 聚吡咯纳米复合材料制备及应用研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2018, 37(4):1489-1500.LI Ximeng, LI Ying, HU Chuanbo. Progress in preparation and application of polypyrrole nanocomposites[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress,2018,37(4):1489-1500(in Chinese). [10] OMASTOVÁ M, PAVLINEC J, PIOINTECK J, et al. Synthesis electrical properties and stability of polypyrrole-containing conducting polymer composites[J]. Polymer International,1997,43(2):109-116. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0126(199706)43:2<109::AID-PI707>3.0.CO;2-T [11] LEE J Y, PARK D W, LIM J O. Polypyrrole-coated woven fabric as a flexible surface-heating element[J]. Macromolecular Research,2003,11(6):481-487. doi: 10.1007/BF03218980 [12] SHANG S, YANG X, TAO X M, et al. Vapor-phase polymerization of pyrrole on flexible substrate at low temperature and its application in heat generation[J]. Polymer International,2010,59(2):204-211. [13] 黄文靖, 丁子先, 邱学青, 等. 自组装聚合法制备木质素磺酸/聚吡咯柔性导电纸[J]. 高等学校化学学报, 2018, 39(11):255-264.HUANG Wenjing, DING Zixian, QIU Xueqing, et al. Preparation of lignosulfonic acid/polypyrrole flexible conductive paper by self-assembled polymerization[J]. Chemical Journal of Chinese Universities,2018,39(11):255-264(in Chinese). [14] 丁春跃. 原位聚合法制备聚吡咯包覆型导电纸的工艺与机理研究[D]. 哈尔滨: 东北林业大学, 2010.DING Chunyue. Study on the preparation and mechanism of polypyrrole coated conductive paper by in-situ polymerization[D]. Harbin: Northeast Forestry University, 2010(in Chinese). [15] 陈京环, 钱学仁, 李翠翠, 等. 气相聚合法制备聚吡咯导电纸[J]. 中国造纸, 2008, 27(4):5-8. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0254-508X.2008.04.002CHEN Jinghuan, QIAN Xueren, LI Cuicui, et al. Preparation of polypyrrole conductive paper by gas phase polymerization[J]. China Paper,2008,27(4):5-8(in Chinese). doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0254-508X.2008.04.002 [16] 薛茹君. 电磁屏蔽材料及导电填料的研究进展[J]. 涂料技术与文摘, 2004, 25(3):3-7. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-2418.2004.03.002XUE Rujun. Research progress in electromagnetic shielding materials and conductive fillers[J]. Coating Technology and Abstracts,2004,25(3):3-7(in Chinese). doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-2418.2004.03.002 [17] 颜杰, 唐楷. 炭黑复合导电材料的导电机理[J]. 化工新型材料, 2005, 33(12):76-78. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-3536.2005.12.024YAN Jie, TANG Kai. Conductive mechanism of carbon black composite conductive materials[J]. Chemical Engineering Materials,2005,33(12):76-78(in Chinese). doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-3536.2005.12.024 [18] 于万永, 赵磊, 王宁, 等. 聚乙烯醇-聚吡咯复合纳米纤维的制备及其导电性能[J]. 复合材料学报, 2018, 35(5):1059-1065.YU Wanyong, ZHAO Lei, WANG Ning, et al. Fabrication and conductive properties of polyvinyl alcohol-polypyrrole composite nano fibers[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2018,35(5):1059-1065(in Chinese). [19] 付长璟, 李爽, 宋春来, 等. 聚吡咯/氧化石墨复合材料的制备及其电容性能[J]. 复合材料学报, 2016, 33(3):572-579.FU Changjing, LI Shuang, SONG Chunlai, et al. Preparation of polypyrrole/graphite oxide composite and its capacitance performance[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2016,33(3):572-579(in Chinese). [20] 林生岭, 曹旭, 林琪, 等. 化学氧化法合成聚吡咯工艺条件优化及电化学性能[J]. 江苏科技大学学报(自然科学版), 2010, 24(4):353-356.LIN Shengling, CAO Xu, LIN Qi, et al. Optimization of process conditions and electrochemical properties of polypyrrole by chemical oxidation[J]. Journal of Jiangsu University of Science and Technology (Natural Science Edition),2010,24(4):353-356(in Chinese). [21] MATHYS G I, TRUONG V T. Spectroscopic study of thermo-oxidative degradation of polypyrrole powder by FT-IR[J]. Synthetic Metals,1997,89(2):103-109. doi: 10.1016/S0379-6779(98)80122-7 [22] VARESANO A, DALLACQUA L, TONIN C. A study on the electrical conductivity decay of polypyrrole coated wooltextiles[J]. Polymer Degradation & Stability,2005,89(1):125-132. [23] FORINTOS N, CZIGÁNY T. Multifunctional application of carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites: Electrical properties of the reinforcing carbon fibers: A short review[J]. Composites Part B: Engineering,2019,162:331-343. doi: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2018.10.098