原位在线监测多因素协同对玻璃纤维/环氧树脂复合材料热老化性能的影响

韩耀璋; 李进; 张佃平; 康少付; 马鹏; 周少雄

doi:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20191017.001

原位在线监测多因素协同对玻璃纤维/环氧树脂复合材料热老化性能的影响

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20191017.001

宁夏大学　宁夏光伏材料重点实验室，银川 750021

基金项目: 宁夏自治区重点研发项目(2018BDE02048)；宁夏自然科学基金(NZ17259)

详细信息

通讯作者:
李进，博士，教授，博士生导师，研究方向为聚合物基复合材料结构设计、制造、仿真及光伏材料　E-mail：li-jin@163.com

中图分类号: TB332
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-08-11
- 录用日期: 2019-10-13
- 网络出版日期: 2019-10-17
- 刊出日期: 2020-07-15

Effects of multiple factors on thermal aging properties of glass fiber/epoxy composites using in-situ monitoring

Ningxia Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Materials, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China

摘要

摘要: 针对玻璃纤维增强聚合物(GFRP)复合材料作为火电烟囱内衬的服役老化问题，以玻璃纤维/环氧树脂(GF/EP)复合材料为研究对象，用正交试验法研究温度、偶联剂含量和热流老化时间等因素对GF/EP复合材料热损伤后的质量损失率、弯曲强度和剪切性能的影响。采用金相显微图像处理法测量计算GF/EP复合材料的孔隙率，使用自主设计并搭建的原位在线监测系统对GF/EP复合材料进行测试。结果表明，不同因素对GF/EP复合材料性能的影响程度不同。偶联剂含量的增加会有限改善GF/EP复合材料的质量损失率，而温度因素对复合材料弯曲强度的影响较大，复合材料本身存在的后固化行为会影响弯曲性能的变化趋势，随温度升高弯曲强度总体下降了11.8%。GF/EP复合材料的层间剪切强度与热老化时间密切相关，16 h相比8 h热流老化后的层间剪切强度均值提高了10.2%。
- 玻璃纤维(GF) /
- 环氧树脂(EP) /
- 复合材料 /
- 正交试验 /
- 后固化 /
- 图像处理 /
- 原位在线监测 /
- 热老化性能
Abstract: In order to investigate the aging problem of glass fiber reinforced polymer(GFRP) composites as the lining of thermal power chimney, the glass fiber/epoxy(GF/EP) composite was taken as the research object. The effects of temperature, coupling agent content and heat flux aging time on the mass loss rate, bending strength and shear properties of GF/EP composite were studied by orthogonal test. The porosity of the GF/EP composite was measured and calculated by means of metallographic microscopic image processing and in-situ real-time detection system. The results show that different factors have different effects on the properties of GF/EP composites. The increase of coupling agent content can improve the mass loss rate of GF/EP composite. Temperature has a great influence on the bending strength. The post-curing behavior of the GF/EP composite itself will affect the change trend of bending performance, which still decreases by 11.8% as the temperature increasing. The interlaminar shear strength of the GF/EP composite is closely related to the thermal aging time, and the mean interlaminar shear strength is 10.2% higher at 16 h than that at 8 h.
- glass fiber(GF) /
- epoxy(EP) /
- composite /
- orthogonal test /
- post-curing /
- image processing /
- in-situ monitoring /
- thermal aging property

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图 1 玻璃纤维/环氧树脂(GF/EP)复合材料固化流程

Figure 1. Curing flow chart of glass fiber/epoxy(GF/EP) composites

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 原位在线监测系统

Figure 2. In-situ real-time detection system

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 Image-J处理GF/EP复合材料抛光图像

Figure 3. Images of GF/EP composite polishing processed by Image-J ((a)–(c) 100 times different regions before threshold segmentation images;(d)–(f) Corresponding threshold segmentation images)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 GF/EP复合材料的孔隙率-温度变化曲线

Figure 4. Porosity-temperature curve of GF/EP composite

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 90℃(a)和100℃(b)下GF/EP复合材料层间形貌的SEM图像

Figure 5. SEM images of interlayer morphologies of GF/EP composite at 90℃(a) and 100℃(b)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 不同因素对GF/EEP复合材料弯曲强度的影响

Figure 6. Effects of different factors on bending strength of GF/EP composite

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 不同因素对GF/EP复合材料ILSS的影响

Figure 7. Influence of different factors on ILSS of GF/EP composite

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 多因素正交试验设计

Table 1. Design of orthogonal experiment with multi-factors

Factor number	Temperature/℃	Coupling agent content/vol%	Aging time/h
P1	70	0.5	8
P2	70	1	16
P3	80	0.5	8
P4	80	1	16
P5	90	0.5	16
P6	90	1	8
P7	100	0.5	16
P8	100	1	8

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表 2 GF/EP复合材料热老化后的质量损失率

Table 2. Quality loss rates of GF/EP composite after hot aging

No.	Temperature/℃	Coupling agent content/vol%	Aging time/h	Mass loss rate/%
P1	70	0.5	8	−0.22
P2	70	1	16	−0.26
P3	80	0.5	8	−0.18
P4	80	1	16	−0.19
P5	90	0.5	16	−0.05
P6	90	1	8	−0.69
P7	100	0.5	16	−0.12
P8	100	1	8	−0.61
K1	−0.48	−0.57	−1.7
K2	−0.37	−1.75	−0.62
K3	−0.74	−	−
K4	−0.73	−	−
Range	0.37	1.18	1.08
Influence degree	Coupling agent content>Aging time>Temperature
Optimal level	80℃	0.5 vol%	16 h
Optimal solution	80℃-0.5 vol%-16 h
Note: Ki represents the sum of experimental results corresponding to any level sign i (i=1,2,3,4).

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表 3 GF/EP复合材料热老化后的弯曲性能

Table 3. Bending properties of GF/EP composite after hot aging

No.	Temperature/℃	Coupling agent content/vol%	Aging time/h	Average strength/GPa
K1	1.5847	2.8402	2.892	0.7097
K2	1.3877	2.8376	2.7858
K3	1.3077	−	−
K4	1.3977	−	−
Range	0.277	0.0026	0.1062
Influence degree	Temperature>Time>Content
Optimal level	70℃	0.5 vol%	8 h
Optimal solution	70℃-0.5 vol%-8 h

下载: 导出CSV

表 4 经过热流老化后GF/EP复合材料的剪切强度(ILSS)

Table 4. Interlaminar shear strength(ILSS) of GF/EP composite after hot aging

No.	Temperature/℃	Coupling agent content/vol%	Aging time/h	Average ILSS/GPa
K1	0.0925	0.1762	0.1700	0.0447
K2	0.0857	0.1812	0.1874
K3	0.0936	−	−
K4	0.0856	−	−
Range	0.008	0.005	0.0174
Influence degree	Time>Temperature>Content
Optimal level	90℃	1 vol%	16 h
Optimal solution	90℃-1 vol%-16 h

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