Preparation and properties of pulp and paper industry waste/high density polyethylene composites
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摘要: 采用造纸污泥（PIW）填充高密度聚乙烯（HDPE）制备PIW/HDPE复合材料，并利用水浴箱、热变形维卡温度测定仪、氧指数仪、电子万能试验机、动态热机械分析仪对PIW/HDPE复合材料的吸水性能、热性能、阻燃性能、拉伸性能及动态力学性能进行分析测试。结果表明，PIW/HDPE复合材料具有良好的结合界面和拉伸性能，其最佳拉伸强度为23.18 MPa；PIW质量分数的增加会对PIW/HDPE复合材料的吸水性能、韧性产生不利的影响；但PIW质量分数的增加有利于提高PIW/HDPE复合材料的热性能、阻燃性能（其最高氧指数为29.98%）和刚性。本研究可为造纸污泥的资源化利用提供研究基础。Abstract: Pulp and paper industry waste (PIW) was used to fill high density polyethylene (HDPE) to prepare PIW/HDPE composites, the water absorption, thermal, flame retardant, tensile and dynamic mechanical properties of PIW/HDPE composites were tested and analyzed by water bath box, thermal deformation Vicat temperature tester, oxygen index meter, electronic universal testing machine and dynamic thermomechanical analyzer. The results show that PIW/HDPE composites have good bonding interface and tensile properties, the best tensile strength is 23.18 MPa, the increment of PIW is negative to the water absorption and toughness of PIW/HDPE composites, but the increment of PIW improves the thermal property, flame retardant property (the highest oxygen index is 29.98%) and rigidity of PIW/HDPE composites. The results of this study can provide useful experience for the utilization of PIW.
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图 2 PIW/HDPE复合材料吸水48 h后的吸水率
Figure 2. Water absorption of PIW/HDPE composites after water absorption for 48 h
图 4 不同PIW质量分数的PIW/HDPE复合材料的极限氧指数
Figure 4. Limited oxygen index of PIW/HDPE composites with different mass fractions of PIW
图 5 不同PIW质量分数的PIW/HDPE复合材料的储能模量和损耗因子tanδ
Figure 5. Storage modulus and loss factor tanδ of PIW/HDPE composites with different mass fractions of PIW
图 6 PIW和不同PIW质量分数的PIW/HDPE复合材料的SEM图像
Figure 6. SEM images of PIW and PIW/HDPE composites with different mass fractions of PIW
表 1 造纸污泥/高密度聚乙烯（PIW/HDPE）复合材料的原料配比
Table 1. Formulations of pulp and paper industry waste/high density polyethylene (PIW/HDPE) composites
wt% No. PIW30/
HDPEPIW40/
HDPEPIW50/
HDPEPIW60/
HDPEPIW 30 40 50 60 HDPE 60 50 40 30 MAPE 5 5 5 5 TPW604 5 5 5 5 Notes: MAPE—Maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene; TPW604—Lubricant. 
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表 2 PIW的元素组成
Table 2. Elemental composition of PIW
wt% C H O N S Ca Si Al Fe Mg 29.85 3.53 24.53 5.83 1.24 11.42 9.17 6.75 3.62 1.02
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表 3 PIW的有机物组成成分
Table 3. Organic composition of PIW
wt% Cellulose Hemicelluloses Lignin Ash Others 15.13 6.89 12.83 22.09 43.06
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表 4 PIW/HDPE复合材料的拉伸性能
Table 4. Tensile properties of PIW/HDPE composites
Tensile properties PIW30/
HDPEPIW40/
HDPEPIW50/
HDPEPIW60/
HDPETensile strength/MPa 20.43 21.18 23.18 22.75 Tensile modulus/GPa 1.46 1.64 1.82 1.91 Elongation/% 8.1 3.67 2.27 1.31
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