Experiment on biaxial flexural behaviors of basalt fiber textile reinforced concrete slab
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摘要: 为研究玄武岩纤维网格布增强混凝土(BFT/PC)板的双向弯曲性能，首先进行了耐碱试验，通过碱液处理前后纤维的微观形貌及网格布断裂强力保持率评价了玄武岩纤维网格布的耐碱性能。在此基础上进行了双向板弯曲试验，研究了网格布层数、混凝土保护层厚度和结构型聚丙烯(PP)纤维对BFT/PC板受弯性能的影响。结果表明：玄武岩纤维网格布在NaOH溶液处理28 d后的经向、纬向断裂强力保持率分别为63%和73%，仅次于耐碱玻璃纤维网格布，具有较好的耐碱耐久性能。较小的混凝土保护层厚度可提高BFT/PC板在正常使用极限状态挠度下的残余承载力。增加网格布层数和PP纤维掺量可改善BFT/PC板的内力和应力重分布，提高正常使用极限状态挠度下的残余承载力、极限承载力和弯曲韧性，在BFT/PC板中掺入8 kg/m3 PP纤维，残余承载力、极限承载力和能量吸收值分别提高了1.40倍、0.36倍和5.10倍。本试验将PP纤维和玄武岩纤维网格布作为增强材料应用于混凝土构件的尝试为海工及近海侵蚀环境的基础设施建设提供了新思路。Abstract: In order to investigate the biaxial flexural behaviors of basalt fiber textile reinforced concrete (BFT/PC) slab, an aging test on basalt fiber textile was carried out first to evaluate the alkaline resistance(AR) of the textile by means of morphological changes of the yarns and tensile breaking strength retention ratio of the textile before and after corrosion in alkaline solution. Then a two-way slab test was conducted to study the influence of textile layers, concrete cover thickness and macro polypropylene (PP) fiber on the flexural behaviors of the BFT/PC slabs. The results show that tensile breaking strength retention ratios of the basalt fiber textile in the warp and weft directions are 63% and 73%, respectively, and the retention ratios are slightly less than those of the AR-glass fiber textile, indicating good alkaline resistance of basalt fiber textile. The reduced concrete cover thickness is capable of enhancing the residual load capacity under the prescriptive deflection in serviceability limit state. In addition, the residual load capacity under the prescriptive deflection in serviceability limit state, ultimate load bearing capacity and toughness are evidently enhanced with increasing of the textile layer number and PP fiber content, and these values of BFT/PC slab with 8 kg/m3 PP fibers are increased by 1.40 times, 0.36 times and 5.10 times in comparison with those of BFT/PC slab without fiber reinforcement. The attempt of using steel-free reinforcements (i.e. macro PP fiber and basalt fiber textile) in concrete members in this experiment paves a new path for infrastructure construction in the marine engineering and offshore erosion environment.
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图 3 NaOH溶液侵蚀处理的玄武岩网格布纤维束扫描电镜图像
Figure 3. SEM images of the yarn of basalt fiber mesh etched in NaOH solution
图 4 混凝土基体处理的玄武岩网格布纤维束扫描电镜图像
Figure 4. SEM images of the yarn of basalt fiber mesh etched in concrete matrix
图 5 玄武岩纤维、中碱玻璃纤维和耐碱玻璃纤维网格布在NaOH溶液中处理前后的经向(a)、纬向(b)拉伸断裂强力
Figure 5. Tensile breaking forces of basalt fiber mesh, C-glass fiber mesh and AR-glass fiber mesh in warp(a) and weft(b) directions before and after being etched in NaOH solution
图 8 不同层数网格布增强的BFT/PC板的荷载-挠度曲线
Figure 8. Load-deflection curves of BFT/PC slabs with different textile layer numbers
图 9 不同层数网格布增强的BFT/PC板的能量吸收
Figure 9. Energy absorptions of BFT/PC slabs with different textile layer numbers
图 10 不同层数网格布增强的BFT/PC板的破坏形态
Figure 10. Failure modes of BFT/PC slabs with different textile layer numbers
图 11 不同混凝土保护层厚度BFT/PC板的荷载-挠度曲线
Figure 11. Load-deflection curves of BFT/PC slabs with different concrete cover thicknesses
图 12 不同混凝土保护层厚度BFT/PC板的能量吸收
Figure 12. Energy absorptions of BFT/PC slabs with different concrete cover thicknesses
图 14 掺加不同含量PP纤维的BFT/PC板的荷载-挠度曲线
Figure 14. Load-deflection curves of BFT/PC slabs with different PP fiber contents
图 15 掺加不同含量PP纤维的BFT/PC板的能量吸收
Figure 15. Energy absorptions of BFT/PC slabs with different PP fiber contents
图 16 掺加不同含量PP纤维的BFT/PC板的破坏形态
Figure 16. Failure modes of BFT/PC slabs with different PP fiber contents
表 1 细骨料混凝土配合比
Table 1. Mix proportion of fine-grained concrete
Cement/
(kg·m−3)Fly ash/
(kg·m−3)Water/
(kg·m−3)mw/mb Sand/
(kg·m−3)SP/
(kg·m−3)504 126 210 0.33 1 200 7.2 Notes: mw/mb—Water/binder mass ratio; SP—Superplasticizer. 
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表 2 各类混凝土基试件编号及对应增强相掺量
Table 2. Types of the prepared concrete slabs and corresponding reinforcement contents
Slab types Basalt fiber mesh layer number PP fiber/(kg·m−3) Concrete cover thickness/mm PC 0 0 − BFT/PC1 1 0 10 BFT/PC2 2 0 10 BFT/PC3 3 0 10 BFT/PC1-2 1 0 20 PP-BFT/PC4 1 4 10 PP-BFT/PC6 1 6 10 PP-BFT/PC8 1 8 10 Notes: PC—Plain concrete; BFT—Basalt fiber textile; PP—Polypropylene fiber.
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