Effect of service temperature on quasi-static failure of aluminum alloy-carbon fiber reinforced polymer composite bonded joints
-
摘要: 为了研究服役温度对铝合金-碳纤维增强树脂(CFRP)复合材料粘接接头准静态失效的影响,本文加工了铝合金-CFRP复合材料粘接接头。考虑车辆实际运行工况下的服役温度,选取低温(−40℃)、常温(20℃)和高温(80℃)三种环境温度,结合设计的Arcan夹具对铝合金-CFRP复合材料粘接接头分别进行1 mm/min和100 mm/min的准静态试验,得到不同温度下铝合金-CFRP复合材料对接接头(BJs)、45°嵌接接头(45°SJs)和剪切接头(TSJs)的准静态失效强度,并结合失效断面对接头失效形式进行分析,建立了失效准则方程和三维响应曲面。结果表明:不同加载速率下的铝合金-CFRP复合材料粘接接头失效强度在高温环境下均呈明显的下降趋势,在低温环境下均呈一定程度的上升趋势。高温下的失效模式为胶层的内聚失效,低温下的失效模式中纤维撕裂的比例上升。相对于1 mm/min加载速率下的准静态失效强度,各温度和应力状态下的铝合金-CFRP复合材料粘接接头在100 mm/min加载速率下的准静态失效强度明显提高。Abstract: In order to study the effect of service temperature on quasi-static failure of aluminum-carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composite bonded joints, aluminum alloy-CFRP composite bonded joints were processed. Considering the service temperature under actual operating conditions of the vehicle, three ambient temperatures of low temperature (−40℃), normal temperature (20℃) and high temperature (80℃) were selected, and the loading rates were 1 mm/min and 100 mm/min in combination with the designed Arcan fixture. The quasi-static failure strength of aluminum alloy-CFRP composite butt joints (BJs), 45° scarph joints (45°SJs) and shear joints (TSJs) at different temperatures were obtained. Combined with the failure section to analyze the failure mode of the joint, the failure criterion equation and the three-dimensional response surface were established. The results show that the quasi-static failure strength of aluminum alloy-CFRP composite bonded joints at different loading rates show a significant downward trend in high temperature environment, and it shows a certain upward trend in low temperature environment. The failure mode in high temperature environment is the cohesive failure of adhesive layer, and the ratio of fiber tear increases in low temperature environment. Compared with the quasi-static failure strength at the loading rate of 1 mm/min, the quasi-static failure strength of the aluminum alloy-CFRP composite bonded joint under different temperature and stress conditions is obviously improved at the loading rate of 100 mm/min.
-
Key words:
- carbon fiber reinforced polymer /
- composite /
- adhesive joint /
- temperature /
- loading rate /
- failure
-
表 1 碳纤维增强树脂(CFRP)复合材料力学性能
Table 1. Mechanical properties of carbon fiber reinforced polymer(CFRP) composites
Material ${E_x}$/GPa ${E_y}$/GPa ${G_{xy}}$/GPa ${\nu _{xy}}$ Unidirectional-CFRP 125±12 10±2 7±0.6 0.07 Twill weave-CFRP 55±5 55±5 4±0.5 0.14 Notes: Ex, Ey—Young’s modulus; Gxy—Shear modulus; $\nu $—Poisson’s ratio. 表 2 铝合金材料属性
Table 2. Properties of aluminum alloy
Material Young’s modulus/GPa Poisson’s ratio Density/
(kg·m–3)Aluminum (6061) 71 0.33 2 730 表 3 Araldite® 2015材料属性
Table 3. Material properties of Araldite® 2015
Young’s modulus/MPa Shear modulus/MPa Poisson’s ratio 1 850 560 0.33 -
[1] QIN G, NA J, MU W, et al. Failure load prediction of adhesive joints under different stressstates over the service temperature range of automobiles[J]. Journal of Southeast University (English Edition),2018,34(4):509-516. [2] ELMARAKBI A. Advanced composite materials for automotive applications: Structural integrity and crashwor thiness[M]. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2014. [3] MARQUES E A S, DA SILVA L F M, BANEA M D, et al. Adhesive joints for low- and high-temperature use: An overview[J]. The Journal of Adhesion,2015,91(7):556-585. doi: 10.1080/00218464.2014.943395 [4] TSVERAVA V G, NEPOVINNYKH V I, RUSIN M Y, et al. Fractography of degradation surfaces of adhesive joints after high-temperature thermal aging[J]. Polymer Science Series D,2009,2(3):174-177. doi: 10.1134/S1995421209030101 [5] VIANA G, COSTA M, BANEA M D, et al. Moisture and temperature degradation of double cantilever beam adhesive joints[J]. Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology,2017,31(16):1824-1838. [6] 秦国锋, 那景新, 慕文龙, 等. 高温老化对CFRP/铝合金粘接接头失效的影响[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2019, 49(4):1063-1071.QIN G F, NA J X, MU W L, et al. Degradation failure of adhesively bonded CFRP/aluminum alloy subjected to high temperature environment[J]. Journal of Jilin University (Engineering and Technology Edition),2019,49(4):1063-1071(in Chinese). [7] 刘伟庆, 方海, 方园. 纤维增强复合材料及其结构研究进展[J]. 建筑结构学报, 2019, 40(4):1-16.LIU W Q, FANG H, FANG Y. Research progress of fiber-reinforced composites and structures[J]. Journal of Building Structures,2019,40(4):1-16(in Chinese). [8] BANEA M D, DA SILVA L F M. The effect of temperature on the mechanical properties of adhesives for the automotive industry[J]. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part L: Journal of Materials: Design and Applications,2010,224(2):51-62. doi: 10.1243/14644207JMDA283 [9] VIANA G, COSTA M, BANEA M, et al. A review on the temperature and moisture degradation of adhesive joints[J]. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part L: Journal of Materials: Design and Applications,2017,231(5):488-501. doi: 10.1177/1464420716671503 [10] ZHANG J, CHENG X Q, GUO X, et al. Effect of environment conditions on adhesive properties and material selection in composite bonded joints[J]. International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives,2020,96:102302. [11] PLANGGER K, SCHEJA J. Epoxy adhesives under temperature influence[J]. Adhesion Adhesives & Sealants,2015,12(3):28-31. [12] ZHANG Y, VASSILOPOULOS A P, KELLER T. Effects of low and high temperatures on tensile behavior of adhesively-bonded GFRP joints[J]. Composite Structures,2010,92(7):1631-1639. doi: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2009.11.028 [13] 梅春枝. 湿热环境对胶接接头冲击性能的影响[D]. 宜昌: 三峡大学, 2012.MEI C Z. Effect of hydrothermal condition on the impact toughness of adhesively bonded joint[D]. Yichang: China Three Gorges University, 2012(in Chinese). [14] SAYMAN O, ARIKAN V, DOGAN A, et al. Failure analysis of adhesively bonded composite joints under transverse impact and different temperatures[J]. Composites Part B: Engineering,2013,54:409-414. doi: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2013.06.017 [15] BANEA M D, DE SOUSA F S M, DA SILVA L F M, et al. Effects of temperature and loading rate on the mechanical properties of a high temperature epoxy adhesive[J]. Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology,2011,25(18):2461-2474. doi: 10.1163/016942411X580144 [16] ZHAO H, MA X, CAI Z, et al. Effect of low temperature exposure on impact characteristics of epoxy bonded high strength steels[J]. Science and Technology of Welding and Joining,2011,16(5):405-411. doi: 10.1179/1362171810Y.0000000011 [17] LEE M, YEO E, BLACKLOCK M, et al. Predicting the strength of adhesively bonded joints of variable thickness using a cohesive element approach[J]. International Journal of Adhesion & Adhesives,2015,58:44-52. [18] 秦国锋. 温湿老化对车用CFRP/铝合金粘接接头静态失效的影响[D]. 长春: 吉林大学, 2018.QIN G F. Effects of temperature and humidity on the static failure of adhesively bonded CFRP/Aluminium alloy joints for automotive applications[D]. Changchun: Jilin University, 2018(in Chinese). [19] 那景新, 高原, 慕文龙, 等. 高温老化对玄武岩纤维增强树脂复合材料-铝合金单搭接接头失效的影响[J]. 复合材料学报, 2020, 37(1):140-146.NA J X, GAO Y, MU W L, et al. Effect of high temperature exposure on adhesively bonded basalt fiber reinforced polymer composite-aluminum alloy single lap joints[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2020,37(1):140-146(in Chinese). [20] QIN G, NA J, TAN W, et al. Failure prediction of adhesively bonded CFRP-aluminum alloy joints using cohesive zone model with consideration of temperature effect[J]. The Journal of Adhesion,2019,95(8):723-746.