Abstract: For enhancing the interface bonding and the bringing effect of the basalt fibers (BF) to the cement matrix, the BF was treated with different concentrations of HCl solution (0-2.0 mol/L) and NaOH solution (0-2.0 mol/L), respectively. The mechanical properties of BF reinforced cement composites were studied. The results indicate that with the increase of the concentration of HCl solution, the flexural strength and bending strength increase firstly and then decrease, midspan deflection increases slowly and the change of compressive strength of BF/cement composite is not obvious. The strength and toughness of BF/cement composite are the highest as the concentration of HCl solution is 1 mol/L. The strength of BF/cement composite decreases significantly when BF is treated with NaOH solution, and the toughness of the composite is not improved obviously. Mass ratio variation trend of BF corroded HCl solution is similar to that of BF corroded with NaOH solution while strength ratio of BF corroded HCl solution is more than that of BF corroded with the same concentrate of NaOH solution.