热轧高含量B<sub>4</sub>C颗粒增强Al基复合材料的成形性能

杨涛; 刘润爱; 王文先; 连俊杰; 郑凡林; 陈洪胜

doi:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20200910.001

热轧高含量B₄C颗粒增强Al基复合材料的成形性能

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20200910.001

杨涛^1,,
刘润爱^1,,
王文先^2,,
连俊杰^1,,
郑凡林^1,,
陈洪胜^1, ,

1.
太原理工大学　机械与运载工程学院，太原 030024
2.
太原理工大学　材料科学与工程学院，太原 030024

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(51805358；51775366)；山西省青年科技研究基金(201801D221122)；山西省高校学校科技创新项目(RD1900000633)；山西省晋中市重点研发计划(Y201023)

详细信息

通讯作者:
陈洪胜，博士，副教授，硕士生导师，研究方向为先进金属基复合材料制备及成形技术　E-mail：chenhongsheng@tyut.edu.cn

中图分类号: TB333
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-07-16
- 录用日期: 2020-08-30
- 网络出版日期: 2020-09-11
- 刊出日期: 2021-07-15

Formability of high content B₄C particle reinforced Al matrix composites by hot rolling

1.
College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
2.
College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China

摘要

摘要: 高含量B₄C (B₄C≥30wt%)颗粒增强Al基(B₄C_P/Al)复合材料具有优异的结构和功能特性，尤其是具有优异的中子吸收性能，在核防护领域被用做屏蔽材料使用。但由于高含量B₄C颗粒的加入，使B₄C_P/Al复合材料变形困难。采用ABAQUS数值模拟方法对不同变形量下B₄C_P/Al复合材料的热轧过程进行数值模拟分析，在480℃温度下对热压烧结的B₄C_P/Al复合材料坯料进行轧制，并对其微观组织和力学性能进行分析。数值模拟结果表明，热轧变形量达到60%以上时，B₄C_P/Al复合材料板材表面中间区域应力较小，侧面应力较大，在板材边缘容易产生残余应力。研究结果表明，随轧制下压量的增加，B₄C_P/Al复合材料中B₄C颗粒分布明显均匀，位错密度增加。当轧制变形量达到70%时，B₄C_P/Al复合材料的屈服强度提高至249.46 MPa，极限抗拉强度提高至299.56 MPa。在拉伸过程中，B₄C颗粒优先断裂，但并未与基体界面脱黏，B₄C颗粒承受了主要载荷，Al基体发生塑性流动，从而提高了B₄C_P/Al复合材料的强度。
- 高含量 /
- B₄C_P/Al复合材料 /
- 热轧 /
- 数值模拟 /
- 微观组织 /
- 力学性能
Abstract: The high content B₄C (B₄C≥30wt%) particle reinforced Al matrix (B₄C_P/Al) composites have excellent structural and functional properties, especially excellent neutron absorption performance, and are used as shielding materials in the field of nuclear protection. However, due to the addition of the high content B₄C particles, the deformation of the B₄C_P/Al composites is difficult. ABAQUS numerical simulation method was used to simulate the hot rolling process of B₄C_P/Al composites under different deformations. The B₄C_P/Al composites fabricated by hot pressing sintering were rolled at 480℃ and its microstructure and mechanical properties were analyzed. The numerical simulation results show that when the hot rolling deformation reaches more than 60%, the stress in the middle area of the B₄C_P/Al composite plate surface is small, while the stress in the side is large, and the residual stress is easily generated at the edge of the plate. The results show that B₄C particles in B₄C_P/Al composites distribute uniformly and the dislocation density increases with the increase of rolling deformation. When the rolling deformation reaches 70%, the yield strength of the B₄C_P/Al composite increases to 249.46 MPa and the ultimate tensile strength increases to 299.56 MPa. In the tensile process, the B₄C particles have the priority to fracture without the desorbed interface with the matrix. The B₄C particles bear the main stress, and the Al matrix has plastic flow, thus improving the strength of the B₄C_P/Al composites.
- high content /
- B₄C_P/Al composites /
- hot rolling /
- numerical simulation /
- microstructure /
- mechanical properties

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图 1 B₄C_P/Al复合材料轧制模型

Figure 1. Rolling model of B₄C_P/Al composites

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图 2 B₄C_P/Al复合材料在不同温度下真实应力-应变曲线^[19]

Figure 2. True stress-strain curves of B₄C_P/Al composites at different temperatures^[19]

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图 3 B₄C_P/Al复合材料的微观形貌

Figure 3. Microstructure morphology of B₄C_P/Al composite

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图 4 B₄C_P/Al复合材料热轧成形过程中最大主应力分布

Figure 4. Maximum principal stress distribution in hot rolling process of B₄C_P/Al composites

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图 5 B₄C_P/Al复合材料不同变形量下的应力-应变分布图: (a)单道次为10%; (b)单道次为15%; (c)单道次为20%; (d)总变形量为50%;(e)总变形量为60%; (f)总变形量为70%

Figure 5. Stress-strain distribution diagrams of B₄C_P/Al composites under different deformations: (a) Single pass of 10%; (b) Single pass of 15%; (c) Single pass of 20%; (d) Total deformation of 50%; (e) Total deformation of 60%; (f) Total deformation of 70%

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图 6 B₄C_P/Al复合材料不同变形量下的温度分布云图: (a)单道次为10%; (b)单道次为15%; (c)单道次为20%; (d)总变形量为50%;(e)总变形量为60%; (f)总变形量为70%

Figure 6. Temperature distribution diagrams of B₄C_P/Al composites under different deformations: (a) Single pass of 10%; (b) Single pass of 15%; (c) Single pass of 20%; (d) Total deformation of 50%; (e) Total deformation of 60%;(f) Total deformation of 70%

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图 7 热轧温度场及B₄C_P/Al复合材料表面与中心温度随时间变化

Figure 7. Hot rolling temperature field and surface and center temperature of B₄C_P/Al composites varying with time

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图 8 单道次不同下压量下B₄C_P/Al复合板材表面温度随时间的变化曲线

Figure 8. Curves of surface temperature of B₄C_P/Al composite plate with time under different pressures of single pass

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图 9 B₄C_P/Al复合板材热轧前后的微观组织形貌: (a)坯料板材; (b), (c) 50%变形量; (d) 60%变形量；(e), (f) 70%变形量

Figure 9. Microstructures of B₄C_P/Al composite sheets as hot rolling: (a) Blank sheet; (b), (c) 50% deformation; (d) 60% deformation; (e), (f) 70% deformation

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图 10 B₄C_P/Al复合材料热轧后的TEM图像

Figure 10. TEM image of B₄C_P/Al composite after hot rolling

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图 11 热轧后B₄C_P/Al复合材料的力学性能: (a)拉伸应力-应变曲线; (b)屈服强度、极限抗拉强度和延伸率

Figure 11. Mechanical properties of hot-rolled B₄C_P/Al composites: (a) Tensile stress-strain curves; (b) Yield strength (YS), ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and elongation

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图 12 不同变形量热轧后B₄C_P/Al复合材料拉伸断口的微观形貌: (a)~(c) 50%变形量；(d)~(f) 60%变形量；(g)~(i) 70%变形量

Figure 12. Tensile fracture morphologies of B₄C_P/Al composites after hot rolling with different deformation amounts: (a)–(c) 50% deformation; (d)–(f) 60% deformation; (g)–(i) 70% deformation

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表 1 B₄C_P/Al复合材料的热物性参数

Table 1. Thermal property parameters of B₄C_P/Al composites

Temperature/ ℃	Young’s modulus/ GPa	Poisson’s ratio	Thermal conductivity/ (W(m·K)⁻¹)	Coefficient of thermal expansion/10⁻⁶℃⁻¹	Specific heat/ (J(kg·K)⁻¹)
20	98.0	0.35	115	16.5	138
100	98.8	0.35	110	16.8	138
300	100.0	0.35	105	16.9	139
400	101.0	0.35	98	17.2	139
500	105.0	0.35	97	17.3	140

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