连续玻璃纤维/聚丙烯热塑性复合材料拉挤成型中的工艺参数

荆蓉; 张锐涛; 孟雨辰; 王彦辉; 张兴刚; 赵玉; 张用兵

doi:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20200302.003

连续玻璃纤维/聚丙烯热塑性复合材料拉挤成型中的工艺参数

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20200302.003

荆蓉^1,,
张锐涛^1,,
孟雨辰^1,,
王彦辉^1,,
张兴刚^{1, 3, ,},
赵玉^{1, 2,},
张用兵^{1, 2,}

1.
洛阳双瑞橡塑科技有限公司，洛阳 471003
2.
中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所，洛阳 471003
3.
郑州大学　材料科学与工程学院，郑州 471000

详细信息

通讯作者:
张兴刚，博士，高级工程师，研究方向为树脂基复合材料　E-mail：13525987482@163.com

中图分类号: TB332
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-12-18
- 录用日期: 2020-02-08
- 网络出版日期: 2020-03-03
- 刊出日期: 2020-11-15

Parameters in process of pultrusion of continuous glass fiber/polypropylene thermoplastic composites

JING Rong^1
,,
ZHANG Ruitao^1
,,
MENG Yuchen^1
,,
WANG Yanhui^1
,,
ZHANG Xinggang^{1, 3
, ,},
ZHAO Yu^{1, 2
,},
ZHANG Yongbing^{1, 2
,}

1.
Luoyang Sunrui Rubber & Plastic Science and Technology Co. Ltd., Luoyang 471003, China
2.
Luoyang Ship Materials Research Institute, Luoyang 471003, China
3.
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 471000, China

摘要

摘要: 采用复合纱拉挤方法制备连续玻璃纤维/聚丙烯(GF/PP)热塑性复合材料，研究了复合纱拉挤成型过程中模具温度及拉挤速度对GF/PP复合材料截面中心温度的影响。以傅里叶定律为理论基础，分析了拉挤过程中模腔内的瞬态传热过程；建立了工艺参数矩阵，通过有限元数值计算，预测了不同模具温度、拉挤速度下GF/PP复合材料截面中心的温度变化，优选了工艺参数组合。通过实验制备不同温度、不同拉挤速度的GF/PP复合材料，并进行弯曲模量测试及截面形貌观察。结果表明：在GF/PP复合纱拉挤过程中，拉挤速度不宜超过350 mm/min，模具熔融区温度设定应高于180℃；GF/PP复合材料在150℃-230℃-50℃成型温度、100 mm/min拉挤速度的工艺参数设定下获得最优的制品力学性能；在设定拉挤参数时，拉挤速度相较于熔融区温度更重要。
- 玻璃纤维/聚丙烯(GF/PP)复合纱 /
- 热塑性拉挤 /
- 瞬态传热 /
- 模具温度 /
- 拉挤速度
Abstract: The continuous glass fiber/polypropylene (GF/PP) composites were prepared by thermoplastic pultrusion using GF/PP commingled yarns. The effect of mold temperature and pulling speed on the centraline temperature of GF/PP composites was studied. Based on Fourier law, the transient heat transfer within mold cavity in pultrusion process was analyzed. The process parameter matrix was established. The centraline temperature variation of GF/PP composites under the conditions of different mold temperatures and pulling speeds was predicted using finite element numerical calculation. The combination of process parameter for certain mold structure was optimized. The flexural modulus of PP/GF composites obtained at different temperatures and pulling speeds was tested and the sections were observed. The results show that the pultrusion speed should not exceed 350 mm/min, while the mold melt zone temperature should be set higher than 180℃ in the pultrusion process of GF/PP commingled yarns; the optimized process parameter for best mechanical properties of GF/PP composites is obtained at 150℃-230℃-50℃ temperature and 100 mm/min pulling speed. The pultrusion speed is more important than the mold melt zone temperature in pultrusion process of GF/PP commingled yarns.
- glass/polypropylene(GF/PP) commingled yarns /
- thermoplastic pultrusion /
- transient heat transfer /
- mold temperature /
- pulling speed

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图 1 玻璃纤维/聚丙烯(GF/PP)复合纱拉挤成型模具示意图

Figure 1. Sketch of glass fiber/polypropylene (GF/PP) commingled yarns pultrusion mold

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图 2 热塑性拉挤复合材料

Figure 2. Pultruded thermoplastic composites

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图 3 不同温度下PP树脂的黏度

Figure 3. Viscosity of PP under different temperatures

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图 4 优选工艺参数下GF/PP复合材料中心温度的变化

Figure 4. Centraline temperature variation of GF/PP composites under different pulling speeds and temperatures

150—Temperature of pre-heating zone is 150℃; 200–240—Temperature of heating zone is 200–240℃; 50—Temperature of cooling zone is 50℃

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图 5 不同温度和拉挤速度下制备的GF/PP复合材料的弯曲模量

Figure 5. Flexural modulus of GF/PP composites prepared under different mold temperatures and pulling speeds

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图 6 不同拉挤工艺参数的GF/PP复合复合材料截面的SEM图像

Figure 6. SEM images of cross-section of GF/PP composites prepared at different mold temperatures and pulling speeds

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表 1 复合纱/空气混合体属性

Table 1. Properties of lumped commingled yarns and air

Material	Density ρ/(kg·m⁻³)	Conductivity k/(W(m·K)⁻¹)	Specific heat C_p/(J(kg·K)⁻¹)
GF/PP commingled yarns	1 870	0.900	1 240
Air	675	0.042	1 034
Lumped	926	0.222	1 077

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表 2 GF/PP复合纱性能

Table 2. Properities of GF/PP commingled yarns

Mass fraction/wt%	T_m/℃	T_s/℃
60	165	240
Notes: T_m—Melting temperature of PP resin; T_s—Decomposition temperature of additives in PP yarns.

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表 3 拉挤模具各区域长度

Table 3. Sectional zone length of pultrusion mold

Zone	Pre-heating	Heating	Cooling
Length/mm	0–300	300–700	700–950

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表 4 实验设计及结果

Table 4. Experiments array and results

Experiment	Factor		T_max/℃	t_melt/s
Experiment	T/℃	v/(mm·min⁻¹)	T_max/℃	t_melt/s
1	180	100	172.59	83.69
2	180	250	155.53	0
3	180	350	143.01	0
4	180	500	125.87	0
5	180	1 000	91.14	0
6	200	100	188.47	160.66
7	200	250	167.37	18.00
8	200	350	152.98	0
9	200	500	133.90	0
10	200	1 000	96.08	0
11	220	100	204.24	197.40
12	220	250	179.37	48.65
13	220	350	163.19	0
14	220	500	141.91	0
15	220	1 000	101.03	0
16	240	100	220.71	210.09
17	240	250	191.34	60.22
18	240	350	173.37	25.80
19	240	500	149.99	0
20	240	1 000	106.00	0
Notes: T—Heating zone temperature setting; v—Pulling speed setting; T_max—Maximum centraline temperature; t_melt—Melting time.

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表 5 GF/PP复合材料中心最高温度和树脂熔融时间影响因子方差

Table 5. Analysis of variance for centraline temperature and melting time of GF/PP composites

Factor	Sum of squares-T_max/℃²	Factor effect on T_max/%	Sum of squares-t_melt/s²	Factor effect on t_melt/%
T/℃	521.74	8.54	1 013.44	4.93
v/(mm·min⁻¹)	5 589.17	91.46	19 513.10	95.06
Notes: T—Heating zone temperature setting; v—Pulling speed setting; T_max—Maximum centraline temperature; t_melt—Melting time.

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