基于自动铺放技术的高精度变刚度复合材料层合板屈曲性能

卫宇璇; 张明; 刘佳; 刘硕; 崔志刚

doi:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20200218.001

基于自动铺放技术的高精度变刚度复合材料层合板屈曲性能

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20200218.001

北京卫星制造厂有限公司，北京 100094

详细信息

通讯作者:
张明，博士，研究员，博士生导师，研究方向为航天器复合材料结构设计　E-mail：nanwang20041208@sina.com

中图分类号: TB332
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-12-18
- 录用日期: 2020-01-22
- 网络出版日期: 2020-02-19
- 刊出日期: 2020-11-15

Buckling performance of high-precision variable stiffness composites laminate based on automatic placement technology

Beijing Spacecraft, Beijing 100094, China

摘要

摘要: 基于自动铺放技术制备的曲线变刚度复合材料层合板，通过定制面内刚度，可有效提高结构的抗屈曲性能。在铺放过程中，铺放轨迹的路径规划是实现变刚度设计的关键技术之一。鉴于此，本文分别以纤维角度线性变化曲线、等曲率曲线及二次Bezier曲线构成的纤维轨迹为研究对象，对其压缩屈曲性能进行参数化分析。并利用有限元模型研究了铺丝头上丝带宽度对层合板型面精度和抗屈曲力学性能的影响。结果表明：在压缩工况下，二次Bezier曲线路径的抗屈曲性能最佳，等曲率曲线路径受曲率约束的影响最小。铺丝头丝束宽度一定，丝带宽度与重叠区域面积和抗屈曲性能呈负相关。使用最大的丝带宽度可最大程度地减小重叠区域面积，提高结构的型面精度，同时保证结构屈曲性能提高37.3%。
- 变刚度 /
- 屈曲特性 /
- 自动铺放 /
- Bezier曲线 /
- 纤维丝束
Abstract: The buckling resistance of the variable stiffness composite laminates laid by the automatic placement can be effectively improved by tailoring the in-plane stiffness. During the placement process, laying the trajectory path planning is one of the key technologies to achieve variable stiffness design. So, the fiber trajectories composed of angle linear variation, constant-curvature curve and quadratic Bezier curve were taken as the research object, and the parametric analysis of its compression buckling performance was carried out. Finally, the influence of tape width on the surface profile accuracy and buckling resistance mechanical properties was studied using a finite element model. The results show that under the compression condition, the secondary Bezier curve has the best buckling resistance, and the equal curvature curve is least affected by the curvature constraint. The width of the tape is negatively correlated with the area of the overlap area and the buckling resistance, when the tow width of the fiber placement head is constant. Using the largest tape size can minimize the overlapping area and improve the profile accuracy of the composite structure. At the same time, it is guaranteed that the buckling performance of the structure is improved by 37.3%.
- variable stiffness /
- buckling performance /
- automatic placement /
- Bezier curve /
- fiber tow

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图 1 纤维角度线性变化

Figure 1. Fiber angle linear variation

T₀—Starting angle; T₁—Ending angle; d—Characteristic length

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图 2 角度线性变化曲线纤维路径示意图

Figure 2. Schematic of fiber path of fiber angle linear variation curve

$ \phi $—Rotation angle; d—Characteristic length

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图 3 二次Bezier曲线纤维路径示意图

Figure 3. Schematic of fiber path of quadratic Bezier curve

T₀—Starting angle; T₁—Ending angle; β—Connection parameter; a—Length

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图 4 丝束宽度为3.175 mm的碳纤维/环氧树脂(M40J/4211)复合材料丝束临界曲率

Figure 4. Critical curvature of carbon fiber/epoxy (M40J/4211) composite tow with tow width of 3.175 mm

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图 5 M40J/4211复合材料变刚度层合板有限元模型

Figure 5. Finite element model of M40J/4211 composite variable stiffness laminated plate

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图 6 纤维角度线性变化曲线轨迹满足曲率约束的M40J/4211复合材料变刚度层合板屈曲特性

Figure 6. Buckling performance of M40J/4211 composite variable stiffness laminated plate with linear trajectory of fiber angle satisfying curvature constraint

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图 7 等曲率曲线轨迹满足曲率约束的M40J/4211复合材料变刚度层合板屈曲特性

Figure 7. Buckling performance of M40J/4211 composite variable stiffness laminated plate with constant-curvature curve trajectory satisfying curvature constraints

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图 8 二次Bezier曲线轨迹满足曲率约束的M40J/4211复合材料变刚度层合板屈曲特性

Figure 8. Buckling performance of M40J/4211 composite variable stiffness laminated plate with quadratic Bezier curve trajectory satisfying curvature constraints

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图 9 Bezier曲线纤维角度变化过程

Figure 9. Process of quadratic Bezier curve fiber variable angle

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图 10 Bezier曲线曲率约束非对称性验证

Figure 10. Bezier curve curvature constraint asymmetry verification

<30 (0.6) 60>—T₀=30, β=0.6, T₁=60; <60 (0.6) 30>—T₀=60, β=0.6, T₁=30

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图 11 不同丝带宽度的自动纤维铺放技术(AFP)有限元模型

Figure 11. Finite element models of automatic fiber placement (AFP) with different tape width

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图 12 丝带宽度对M40J/4211复合材料变刚度层合板屈曲性能的影响

Figure 12. Influence of tape width variation on buckling performance of M40J/4211 composite variable stiffness laminated plate

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图 13 丝带宽度对M40J/4211复合材料变刚度层合板平均厚度的影响

Figure 13. Influence of tape width variation on average thickness of M40J/4211 composite variable stiffness laminated plate

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表 1 算法程序有效性验证

Table 1. Algorithm validity verification

Curve placement example	This article/N	Literature[6]/N	Error/%
${\left[ { \pm 45/0 \pm {{\left\langle {45\|60} \right\rangle }_2}/0 \pm {{\left\langle {30\|15} \right\rangle }_2}} \right]_{\rm{S}}}$	15 689.5	15 641	0.30
${\left[ { \pm 45/0 \pm \left\langle {30\|45} \right\rangle /0 \pm {{\left\langle {45\|60} \right\rangle }_2}/0 \pm \left\langle {30\|15} \right\rangle } \right]_{\rm{S}}}$	16 558.0	16 514	0.27

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表 2 丝带宽度对M40J/4211复合材料变刚度层合板型面精度及结构抗屈曲效率的影响

Table 2. Effect of tape width on profile accuracy and structure buckling efficiency of M40J/4211 composite variable stiffness laminated plate

Tape width/mm	Number of tow	Average thickness/mm	Critical buckling load/N	Improved structural efficiency/%
38.1	12	1.0505	1 594	44.4
50.8	16	1.0352	1 534	41.0
63.5	20	1.0292	1 508	39.5
76.2	24	1.0250	1 487	38.0
88.9	28	1.0219	1 468	36.7
101.6	32	1.0206	1 452	35.4
114.3	36	1.0197	1 443	34.7

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