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一步法合成具有优异循环性能的聚苯胺纳米线/自支撑石墨烯复合材料

辛国祥 王蒙蒙 翟耀 王艳辉 张邦文 宋金玲 刘晓旭

辛国祥, 王蒙蒙, 翟耀, 等. 一步法合成具有优异循环性能的聚苯胺纳米线/自支撑石墨烯复合材料[J]. 复合材料学报, 2021, 38(4): 1272-1282. doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20200730.001
引用本文: 辛国祥, 王蒙蒙, 翟耀, 等. 一步法合成具有优异循环性能的聚苯胺纳米线/自支撑石墨烯复合材料[J]. 复合材料学报, 2021, 38(4): 1272-1282. doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20200730.001
XIN Guoxiang, WANG Mengmeng, ZHAI Yao, et al. One-step synthesis of polyaniline nanowire/self-supported graphene composite with excellent cycling stability[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica, 2021, 38(4): 1272-1282. doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20200730.001
Citation: XIN Guoxiang, WANG Mengmeng, ZHAI Yao, et al. One-step synthesis of polyaniline nanowire/self-supported graphene composite with excellent cycling stability[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica, 2021, 38(4): 1272-1282. doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20200730.001

一步法合成具有优异循环性能的聚苯胺纳米线/自支撑石墨烯复合材料

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20200730.001
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(51902085);内蒙古自然科学基金(2017BS0508;2019MS02023);河北省自然科学基金(E2019407123);包头市青年创新人才项目
详细信息
    通讯作者:

    辛国祥,博士,讲师,硕士生导师,研究方向为新能源材料 E-mail:xinguoxiang0924@163.com

  • 中图分类号: TM53;TB332

One-step synthesis of polyaniline nanowire/self-supported graphene composite with excellent cycling stability

  • 摘要: 研究采用一步电化学剥离和电沉积法,在含Na2SO4、HCl与苯胺(An)单体的混合溶液中,以柔性石墨纸为原料,利用电场条件下电解液离子定向迁移和苯胺单体的电聚合制备聚苯胺纳米线/自支撑石墨烯(PANI/SGr)复合材料。更具活性的新生SGr与PANI结合,显著提高了PANI/SGr复合材料的稳定性。PANI呈纳米线状均匀分布在SGr上,形成的三维网络结构所呈现出的孔隙促进了电解液离子扩散到复合材料的内部结构中。将PANI/SGr复合材料作为超级电容器电极材料进行电化学测试,2 mV·s−1的扫速下获得的比电容为453 F·g−1。在0.5~10 A·g−1的电流密度范围内,PANI/SGr复合材料倍率性能达73.1%。在1 A·g−1的电流密度下PANI/SGr复合材料经10000次充放电之后的循环稳定性仍高达87.3%。这表明PANI/SGr复合材料具有良好的电容性能和优异的循环稳定性,有望作为超级电容器电极材料。

     

  • 图  1  一步法制备聚苯胺纳米线/自支撑石墨烯(PANI/SGr)复合材料过程示意图

    Figure  1.  Schematic of fabrication process of polyaniline nanowire/self-supported graphene (PANI/SGr) composite by one-step method

    图  2  电流-时间曲线

    Figure  2.  Curve of current-time

    图  3  PANI/SGr复合材料的数码照片

    Figure  3.  Digital photograph of PANI/SGr composite

    GP—Graphite paper

    图  4  SGr、PANI和PANI/SGr复合材料的热重曲线

    Figure  4.  Thermogravimetry curves of SGr, PANI and PANI/SGr composite

    图  5  PANI/SGr复合材料和PANI的FTIR图谱

    Figure  5.  FTIR spectra of PANI/SGr composite and PANI

    图  6  PANI/GP的低倍 (a)、高倍 (b) FE-SEM图像,PANI/SGr的低倍 (c) (插图为PANI/SGr的能谱图)、高倍 (d) FESEM图像和PANI/SGr的低倍 (e)、高倍 (f) TEM图像

    Figure  6.  FE-SEM images of low-magnification (a) and high-magnification (b) of PANI/GP, FE-SEM images of low-magnification (c) and high-magnification (d) of PANI/SGr, TEM images of low-magnification (e) and high-magnification (f) of PANI/SGr (Inset of (c) shows the corresponding elemental mappings of PANI/SGr)

    图  7  PANI/GP和PANI/SGr复合材料的N2吸附-脱附等温线 (a) 和孔径分布曲线 (b)

    Figure  7.  Nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms (a) and pore size distribution curves (b) of PANI/GP and PANI/SGr composites

    图  8  PANI/SGr复合材料的XPS能谱图

    Figure  8.  XPS spectra and fitting peaks of PANI/SGr composite

    图  9  GP、SGr、PANI/GP和PANI/SGr复合材料在2 mV·s−1的CV曲线 (a) 和0.5 A·g−1的GCD曲线 (b)、PANI/SGr复合材料在0.5~10 A·g−1的GCD曲线 (c) 及SGr、PANI/GP和PANI/SGr复合材料在0.5~10 A·g−1的倍率性能 (d)

    Figure  9.  CV curves at scan rate of 2 mV·s−1 (a) and GCD profiles at current density of 0.5 A·g−1 (b) of GP, SGr, PANI/GP and PANI/SGr composite, GCD profiles of PANI/SGr composite at current densities of 0.5-10 A·g−1 (c) and rate capability of SGr, PANI/GP and PANI/SGr composite at current densities of 0.5-10 A·g−1 (d)

    图  10  GP、SGr、PANI/GP和PANI/SGr的EIS谱(插图为高频区的放大图) (a)、PANI/GP和PANI/SGr的等效电路图 (b)

    Figure  10.  EIS spectra of GP, SGr, PANI/GP and PANI/SGr (Inset shows magnified high frequency regions) (a) , electrical equivalent circuit of PANI/GP and PANI/SGr (b)

    图  11  SGr、PANI/GP和PANI/SGr复合材料在1 A·g−1电流密度下经10 000圈的循环稳定性

    Figure  11.  Stabilities of SGr, PANI/GP and PANI/SGr composite from 1 to 10 000 cycles at current density of 1 A·g−1

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  • 收稿日期:  2020-06-01
  • 录用日期:  2020-07-22
  • 网络出版日期:  2020-07-31
  • 刊出日期:  2021-04-08

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