聚乙烯醇乳液改性对汉麻秸秆纤维/水泥基复合材料性能的影响

王春红; 左祺; 支中祥; 徐磊; SARANIZakaria; SHERAZHussain Siddique Yousfani

doi:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20200827.002

聚乙烯醇乳液改性对汉麻秸秆纤维/水泥基复合材料性能的影响

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20200827.002

1.
天津工业大学　纺织科学与工程学院，天津 300387
2.
天津工业大学　先进纺织复合材料重点实验室，天津 300387
3.
Bioresources and Biorefinery Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor 43600
4.
Textile Engineering Department, NED University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi 999010

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(11802205)

详细信息

通讯作者:
王春红，博士，教授，研究方向为天然纤维及绿色复合材料　E-mail：wangchunhong@tiangong.edu.cn

中图分类号: TB332
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-07-06
- 录用日期: 2020-08-14
- 网络出版日期: 2020-08-28
- 刊出日期: 2021-05-01

Effect of polyvinyl alcohol emulsion modification on performance of hemp straw fiber/cementitious composite

1.
School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
2.
Key Laboratory of advanced textile composite materials, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
3.
Bioresources and Biorefinery Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor 43600, Malaysia
4.
Textile Engineering Department, NED University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi 999010, Pakistan

摘要

摘要: 为解决汉麻秸秆纤维/水泥基复合材料力学性能较差的问题，本文提出采用聚乙烯醇(PVA)乳液对汉麻秸秆纤维/水泥基复合材料进行改性。在优化秸秆纤维的粒径和掺入量后，采用PVA乳液与秸秆纤维和水泥进行共混成型，制备了改性后的汉麻秸秆纤维/水泥基复合材料。研究了不同质量比的PVA乳液对汉麻秸秆纤维/水泥基复合材料的抗折强度、密度、比强度和弯曲韧性的影响，通过含水率、吸水率及红外光谱测试揭示了PVA乳液对汉麻秸秆纤维/水泥基复合材料的改性机制。结果表明：汉麻秸秆纤维粒径为1700 μm及掺入量为12%时，秸秆纤维对汉麻秸秆纤维/水泥基复合材料的增强作用最好。随着PVA乳液质量比的增加，改性后汉麻秸秆纤维/水泥基复合材料的密度逐渐减小，弯曲韧性逐渐提高。当PVA乳液质量比为4.8%时，相较于未改性的汉麻秸秆纤维/水泥基复合材料，改性后的汉麻秸秆纤维/水泥基复合材料抗折强度和比强度分别提高了17.17%和20.50%。通过PVA乳液改性使汉麻秸秆纤维/水泥基复合材料中秸秆纤维与水泥之间的界面得到改善，并缓解了秸秆纤维对水泥水化反应的阻碍作用。
- 汉麻秸秆纤维 /
- 水泥基复合材料 /
- 聚乙烯醇(PVA)乳液 /
- 界面 /
- 水化反应
Abstract: In order to solve the problem of poor mechanical properties of hemp straw fiber/cementitious composite, a modified method of hemp straw fiber/cementitious composite by polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) emulsion was proposed. After optimizing the particle size and mixing amount of hemp straw fiber, PVA emulsion was blended with hemp straw fiber and cement to form the modified hemp straw fiber/cementitious composite. The effects of PVA emulsion with different mass ratios on the flexural strength, density, specific strength and flexural toughness of modified hemp straw fiber/cementitious composite were studied. The modification mechanism was revealed by moisture content, water absorption and fourier infrared spectroscopic analysis. The results show that when the particle size is 1700 μm and the mixing amount is 12%, the hemp straw fiber has the best reinforced effect on hemp straw fiber/cementitious composite. With the mass ratio of PVA emulsion increasing, the density of the modified hemp straw fiber/cementitious composite declines and the flexural toughness improves gradually. When the mass ratio of PVA emulsion is 4.8%, the flexural strength and specific strength of the modified hemp straw fiber/cementitious composite are increased by 17.17% and 20.50%, respectively, compared with the unmodified hemp straw fiber/cementitious composite. The interface between straw fiber and cement in hemp straw fiber/cementitious composite is improved and the negative effect of hemp straw fiber on hydration reaction is alleviated.
- hemp straw fiber /
- cementitious composite /
- polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) emulsion /
- interface /
- hydration reaction

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图 1 不同粒径的汉麻秸秆纤维和汉麻秸秆纤维/水泥基复合材料截面的形貌

Figure 1. Morphology of hemp straw fiber and cross section of hemp straw fiber/cementitious composites with different particle sizes

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图 2 不同汉麻秸秆纤维粒径的汉麻秸秆纤维/水泥基复合材料的抗折强度、密度及比强度

Figure 2. Flexural strength, density and specific strength of hemp straw fiber/cementitious composites with different particle sizes of hemp straw fiber

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图 3 不同汉麻秸秆纤维掺入量的汉麻秸秆纤维/水泥基复合材料的抗折强度、密度及比强度

Figure 3. Flexural strength, density and specific strength of hemp straw fiber/cementitious composites with different mixing amounts of hemp straw fiber

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图 4 不同聚乙烯醇(PVA)乳液质量比对汉麻秸秆纤维/水泥基复合材料的抗折强度、密度及比强度的影响

Figure 4. Effect of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) emulsion with different mass ratios on flexural strength, density and specific strength of hemp straw fiber/cementitious composites

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图 5 不同PVA乳液质量比对汉麻秸秆纤维/复合材料弯曲韧性的影响

Figure 5. Effect of PVA emulsion with different mass ratios on flexural toughness of hemp straw fiber/cementitious composites

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图 6 纯水泥、未改性及PVA乳液改性的汉麻秸秆纤维/水泥基复合材料制备流程

Figure 6. Preparation process of pure cement, unmodified and modified hemp straw fiber/cementitious composites by PVA emulsion

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图 7 水泥及不同PVA乳液质量比的汉麻秸秆纤维/水泥基复合材料的断面形貌: (a)纯水泥; (b) 0% PVA乳液; (c) 0.6% PVA乳液; (d) 1.2% PVA乳液;(e) 2.4% PVA乳液; (f) 4.8% PVA乳液; (g) 9.6% PVA乳液; (h) 19.2% PVA乳液

Figure 7. Broken cross sectional morphologies of pure cement, unmodified and modified hemp straw fiber/cementitious composites by different mass ratios of PVA emulsion: (a) Pure cement; (b) 0% PVA emulsion; (c) 0.6% PVA emulsion; (d) 1.2% PVA emulsion; (e) 2.4% PVA emulsion; (f) 4.8% PVA emulsion; (g) 9.6% PVA emulsion; (h) 19.2% PVA emulsion

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图 8 不同PVA乳液质量比对汉麻秸秆纤维/水泥基复合材料含水率和吸水率的影响

Figure 8. Effect of PVA emulsion with different mass ratios on moisture content and water absorption of hemp straw fiber/cementitious composites

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图 9 水泥及不同PVA乳液质量比的汉麻秸秆纤维/水泥基复合材料的FTIR图谱: (a)纯水泥; (b) 0% PVA乳液; (c) 0.6% PVA乳液;(d) 4.8% PVA乳液; (e) 19.2% PVA乳液

Figure 9. FTIR spectra of pure cement, unmodified and modified hemp straw fiber/cementitious composites by different mass ratios of PVA emulsion: (a) Pure cement; (b) 0% PVA emulsion; (c) 0.6% PVA emulsion; (d) 4.8% PVA emulsion; (e) 19.2% PVA emulsion

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表 1 不同粒径汉麻秸秆纤维的实际尺寸

Table 1. Actual size of hemp straw fiber with different particle sizes

Particle size/μm	4000	1700	830	380	180
Average length/mm	15.63	7.21	3.64	0.82	0.36
Average width/mm	3.77	0.87	0.56	0.31	0.16
Average thickness/mm	2.41	0.52	0.39	0.27	0.16
Length-diameter ratio range	5.06−37.03	10.37−36.45	7.66−37.66	2.83−38.66	2.25−38.94

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表 2 基于不同纤维粒径和掺入量的汉麻秸秆纤维/水泥基复合材料编号

Table 2. Sample numbers of hemp straw fiber/cementitious composites with different hemp straw fiber particle sizes and mixing amounts

No.	Hemp straw fiber size/μm	Mass of hemp straw fiber/g	Mass of cement/g	Mass of fly ash/g	Mass of water/g
0^#	0	0	1000	55	440
1^#	4000	120	1000	55	490
2^#	1700	120	1000	55	490
3^#	830	120	1000	55	490
4^#	380	120	1000	55	490
5^#	180	120	1000	55	490
6^#	1700	40	1000	55	460
7^#	1700	80	1000	55	475
8^#	1700	120	1000	55	490
9^#	1700	160	1000	55	510
10^#	1700	200	1000	55	530

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