CNT纸/SiC对称梯度层状复合材料的高温电磁屏蔽性能和介电性能

蔡艳芝; 王源; 成来飞; 任璇璇; 李璇; 李阳

doi:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20200723.001

CNT纸/SiC对称梯度层状复合材料的高温电磁屏蔽性能和介电性能

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20200723.001

蔡艳芝^1, ,,
王源^1,,
成来飞^2,,
任璇璇^1,,
李璇^1,,
李阳^1,

1.
西安建筑科技大学　材料科学与工程学院，西安 710055
2.
西北工业大学　超高温结构复合材料重点实验室，西安 710072

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金面上项目 (51972261)；国家自然科学基金青年项目(51302206)

详细信息

通讯作者:
蔡艳芝，博士，教授，博士生导师，研究方向为纳米复合材料　E-mail：caiyanzhi@xauat.edu.cn

中图分类号: TB332
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-04-30
- 录用日期: 2020-07-02
- 网络出版日期: 2020-07-23
- 刊出日期: 2020-11-15

High-temperature electromagnetic shielding and dielectric properties of CNT buckypaper/SiC symmetric graded laminated composite

CAI Yanzhi^{1
, ,},
WANG Yuan^1
,,
CHENG Laifei^2
,,
REN Xuanxuan^1
,,
LI Xuan^1
,,
LI Yang^1
,

1.
College of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi′an 710055, China
2.
Science and Technology on Thermostructural Composite Materials Laboratory, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi′an 710072, China

摘要

摘要: 将单层碳纳米管(CNT)纸浸渍酚醛树脂致密化，通过树脂碳层层焊接得到厚度约为2.6 mm的CNT纸/SiC层状梯度复合材料，由13个CNT纸/SiC复合材料结构层和12个膨胀石墨增韧树脂C界面层组成，SiC含量沿厚度方向由中心向两端呈递增的对称梯度分布。CNT纸/SiC层状梯度复合材料的体积密度为1.65 g/cm³，开气孔率为7.25%，在宏观尺度范围获得在SiC基体中均匀弥散分布的高含量的CNT。在X频段范围，CNT纸/SiC层状梯度复合材料600℃时的平均总屏蔽效率(37.19 dB)高于室温(35.00 dB)。较之室温时的屏蔽性能，CNT纸/SiC层状梯度复合材料600℃时的反射系数略有减小，但吸收系数明显增加，透射系数由0.0003减小至0.0002，展示了良好的在电磁屏蔽领域尤其是高温屏蔽领域的应用前景。在X频段范围，随温度由室温升高至600℃，CNT纸/SiC层状梯度复合材料的虚介电常数平均值由114.6增大至149.1；平均损耗正切值由1.62增大至1.79。
- 碳纳米管(CNT)纸 /
- 陶瓷基复合材料 /
- 层状结构 /
- 屏蔽效率 /
- 介电性能
Abstract: A single-layer carbon nanotube (CNT) buckypaper densified by phenolic resin and then welded by resin-derived carbon layer by layer was proposed to obtain a CNT buckypaper/SiC laminated graded composite with a thickness of 2.6 mm in this paper. The CNT buckypaper/SiC laminated graded composite consists of 13 structural layers made of CNT buckypaper/SiC composites and 12 interface layers made of expanded graphite-toughened resin-derived carbon, in which the SiC content increases gradually from the center to both ends with symmetrically distribution along thickness. The CNT buckypaper/SiC laminated graded composite has a volume density of 1.65 g/cm³ and an open porosity of 7.25%. High content CNT with uniform dispersion distribution in SiC matrix was obtained at a macroscopic scale. The average total shielding effectiveness of the CNT buckypaper/SiC laminated graded composite at 600℃ (37.19 dB) is higher than that at room temperature (35.00 dB) throughout the X-band. Compared with the shielding performance at room temperature, the reflection coefficient decreases slightly, but the absorption coefficient increases significantly, and the transmission coefficient decreases from 0.0003 to 0.0002 at 600℃, which forecasts a promising prospect of electromagnetic shielding applications, especially of a high-temperature shielding application. The average value throughout the X-band of the imaginary permittivity increases from 114.6 to 149.1, and that of the loss tangent increases from 1.62 to 1.79, respectively, with the increase of temperature from room temperature to 600℃.
- carbon nanotube (CNT) buckypaper /
- ceramic-matrix composites /
- layered structures /
- shielding effectiveness /
- dielectric property

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图 1 碳纳米管(CNT)纸浸渍坯体

Figure 1. Infiltrated preform of carbon nanotube (CNT) buckypaper

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图 2 热压固化后的层板状梯度叠层CNT纸/树脂复合材料

Figure 2. Graded laminated CNT buckypaper/resin composite after hot pressing curing

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图 3 CNT纸/SiC层状梯度复合材料的XRD图谱

Figure 3. XRD pattern of CNT buckypaper/SiC laminated graded composite

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图 4 CNT纸/SiC层状梯度复合材料结构层和界面层的SEM图像

Figure 4. SEM images of structural layers and interface layers of CNT buckypaper/SiC laminated graded composite

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图 5 CNT纸/SiC层状梯度复合材料沿厚度方向Si元素的EDX图谱

Figure 5. EDX spectrum of Si along thickness direction of CNT buckypaper/SiC laminated graded composite

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图 6 CNT纸/SiC层状梯度复合材料结构层放大的SEM图像

Figure 6. Magnified SEM images of structural layer of CNT buckypaper/SiC laminated graded composite

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图 7 CNT纸/SiC层状梯度复合材料的抗氧化性能

Figure 7. Oxidation resistance of CNT buckypaper/SiC laminated graded composite

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图 8 CNT纸/SiC层状梯度复合材料表面电阻率随温度的变化

Figure 8. Surface resistivity of CNT buckypaper/SiC laminated graded composite varies with temperature

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图 9 CNT纸/SiC层状梯度复合材料室温下和600℃时X波段的屏蔽效率

Figure 9. Shielding effectiveness of CNT buckypaper/SiC laminated graded composite at room temperature and 600℃ in X-band

S_T—Total shielding effectiveness; S_R—Surface reflection; S_A—Internal absorption

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图 10 CNT纸/SiC层状梯度复合材料室温和600℃时在X波段的介电常数

Figure 10. Complex permittivities of CNT buckypaper/SiC laminated graded composite at room temperature and 600℃ in X-band

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表 1 CNT纸/SiC层状梯度复合材料在X波段的能量比的平均值

Table 1. Average values of energy ratios of CNT buckypaper/SiC laminated graded composite

Temperature	Reflection coefficient	Absorption coefficient	Absorption rate	Transmission coefficient
Room temperature	0.9750	0.0247	0.9874	0.0003
600℃	0.9539	0.0459	0.9959	0.0002

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表 2 近年来文献中报道的不同陶瓷基复合材料在X频段的高温电磁屏蔽性能

Table 2. High-temperature electromagnetic shielding properties of different ceramic-matrix composites in X-band reported in recent papers

Material	Thickness/mm	S_T/dB		S_A/dB		Temperature dependence	Ref.
Material	Thickness/mm	Room temperature	High temperature	Room temperature	High temperature	Temperature dependence	Ref.
Fe@CNT/SiC composite with 28.31wt% Fe filling ratio	2.0	36.48	35.28(600℃)	25.6‒27.1	23.8‒25.4(600℃)	Slightly drop at high temperature	[10]
Layered Ti₃AlC₂ ceramic	1.5	Around 30	—	17‒20	—	Slightly drop at high temperature	[36]
10wt% MWCNT/SiO₂ composite	2.5	—	22.3‒24.3(500℃)	—	19.6‒20.6(500℃)	Slightly rise at high temperature	[37]
SiC_f/BN/SiC composite	3	13‒14.5	20‒21.5(600℃)	8.9‒9.5	12.3‒12.8(600℃)	Rise at high temperature	[38]
CNT buckypaper/SiC laminated graded composite	2.6	35.00	37.19(600℃)	16.20‒21.66	22.53‒26.87(600℃)	Slightly rise at high temperature	This work

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表 3 CNT纸/SiC层状梯度复合材料室温和600℃时在X波段的介电常数的平均值

Table 3. Average values of complex permittivities of CNT buckypaper/SiC laminated graded composite at room temperature and 600℃ in X-band

Temperature	Real permittivity	Imaginary permittivity	Loss tangent
Room temperature	80.06	114.6	1.62
600℃	91.41	149.1	1.79

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