Structure and properties of short-cutted aramid fiber/ polysiloxane-zinc dimethylate composites
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摘要: 为提高聚硅氧烷-甲基丙烯酸锌(ZDMA)树脂材料的性能，采用短切通用型芳纶纤维与聚甲基乙烯基硅氧烷-ZDMA复合并在高温下交联固化，得到短切芳纶纤维/聚硅氧烷-ZDMA复合材料。采用SEM、FTIR、拉伸和压缩试验方法、霍普金斯压杆试验方法，表征了短切芳纶纤维/聚硅氧烷-ZDMA复合材料的结构和静态力学性能，研究了芳纶纤维用量和应变率对其动态压缩性能的影响。结果表明，短切芳纶纤维对胶料的流动性影响较大，短纤维分散不易均匀，整体均匀性不佳，用量较大时易于团聚，力学性能存在波动性。短切芳纶纤维的加入对提高短切芳纶纤维/聚硅氧烷-ZDMA复合材料拉伸强度效果明显，但伸长率大幅减小，对压缩应力提高较大。在低应变率下(800 s−1)，芳纶纤维用量对短切芳纶纤维/聚硅氧烷-ZDMA复合材料动态压缩性能影响不大；在中高应变率(1500~2500 s−1)下，随着芳纶纤维用量的增加，短切芳纶纤维/聚硅氧烷-ZDMA复合材料动态压缩应力增大。无芳纶的聚硅氧烷-ZDMA复合材料的动态压缩性能对应变率较为敏感，短切芳纶纤维与高聚硅氧烷质量比为8%的短切芳纶纤维/聚硅氧烷-ZDMA复合材料在中高应变率(1500~3000 s−1)下的动态压缩性能较为稳定。Abstract: In order to improve the properties of polysiloxane-zinc dimethylate (ZDMA) resin, the short-cutted aramid fiber of general type was blended with polymethylvinylsiloxane-ZDMA compounds and cured at high temperature and pressure, and then the short-cutted aramid fiber/polysiloxane-ZDMA composites were gotten. The structure of short-cutted aramid fiber/polysiloxane-ZDMA composite was characterized by SEM and IR spectroscope, tensile and compressive properties were tested, the effects of the aramid fiber dosages and strain rates on the dynamic compression were also studied. The results show that the flowing property of the short-cutted aramid fiber/polysiloxane-ZDMA composites is affected by the short-cutted aramid fiber, which is not easy to disperse uniformly; the composite’s uniformity is not good at entirety. The fact is found that the fibers tends to aggregate together while the fiber dosage increasing, which causes the mechanical properties to fluctuate. The introduction of the aramid short fiber can improve the tensile strength and compressive stress of the short-cutted aramid fiber/polysiloxane-ZDMA composites, while its elongation at break decrease sharply. At the strain rate of 800 s−1, the addition of the aramid fiber shows no significant influence on the dynamic compressive property. While in the strain rate range of 1500-2500 s−1, the dynamic compressive stress of short-cutted aramid fiber/polysiloxane-ZDMA composites increases with the dosage of aramid short fiber. The polysiloxane-ZDMA composite without aramid fiber is relatively sensitive to the strain rate, while the dynamic compressive properties of short-cutted aramid fiber/polysiloxane-ZDMA composites with 8% mass ratio of aramid short fiber to polysiloxane are rather steady to the strain rate range of 1500-3000 s−1.
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Key words:
- aramid fiber /
- polysiloxane /
- zinc dimethylate (ZDMA) /
- composites /
- structure /
- dynamic compressive properties
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图 1 芳纶纤维和芳纶纤维/聚硅氧烷-甲基丙烯酸锌(PMVS-ZDMA)复合材料的FTIR图谱
Figure 1. FTIR spectra of aramid fiber and aramid fiber/polysiloxane-zinc dimethylate (PMVS-ZDMA) composites
图 2 不同芳纶纤维含量的芳纶纤维/PMVS-ZDMA复合材料拉伸断面的SEM图像
Figure 2. SEM images of tensile section of aramid fiber/PMVS-ZDMA composites with different aramid fiber contents
图 3 芳纶纤维对芳纶纤维/PMVS-ZDMA复合材料拉伸性能的影响
Figure 3. Effects of aramid fiber on tensile properties of aramid fiber/PMVS-ZDMA compsites
图 4 芳纶纤维对芳纶纤维/PMVS-ZDMA复合材料静态压缩性能的影响
Figure 4. Effects of aramid fiber on static compressive properties of aramid fiber/PMVS-ZDMA composites
图 5 芳纶纤维含量对芳纶纤维/PMVS-ZDMA复合材料动态压缩性能的影响
Figure 5. Effects of aramid-fiber content on dynamic compressive properties of aramid fiber/PMVS-ZDMA composites
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