基于声发射技术的陶瓷基复合材料声速特性

黄喜鹏; 王波; 常杰

doi:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20200826.006

基于声发射技术的陶瓷基复合材料声速特性

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20200826.006

黄喜鹏^1,,
王波^2, ,,
常杰^3,

1.
中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所，绵阳 100191
2.
西北工业大学　航空学院，西安 710072
3.
中国国际航空股份有限责任公司，北京 100191

详细信息

通讯作者:
王波，博士，副教授，硕士生导师，研究方向为陶瓷基复合材料力学　E-mail：b.wang@nwpu.edu.cn

中图分类号: TB332
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-06-08
- 录用日期: 2020-08-04
- 网络出版日期: 2020-08-26
- 刊出日期: 2021-05-01

Acoustic emission-based sound velocity characteristics of ceramic matrix composites

HUANG Xipeng^1
,,
WANG Bo^{2
, ,},
CHANG Jie^3
,

1.
Institute of Systems Engineering, CAEP, Mianyang 621900, China
2.
School of Aeronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
3.
Air China Limited, Beijing 100191, China

摘要

摘要: 基于Christoffel方程，运用复合材料刚度矩阵与弹性常数间的关系，将正交各向异性模型运用于2D-C/SiC复合材料的声学特性中，得到材料声速的表达式。通过循环加卸载试验测量了2D-C/SiC复合材料整个拉伸过程中不同应力水平处的声速变化，研究了声速对2D-C/SiC复合材料的损伤表征。研究发现，随着应力水平的不断增加，声速逐渐下降，2D-C/SiC复合材料损伤程度对声波在材料中的传播速度有较大影响；引入卸载模量和再加载模量，代替声速理论计算切线模量，理论结果与试验结果吻合良好，误差随载荷增加而增大；声波速度随2D-C/SiC复合材料损伤而发生衰减的关系，根据此衰减关系建立了基于声速的损伤表征量。
- 2D-C/SiC复合材料 /
- 声发射 /
- 损伤 /
- 机制 /
- 声波速度
Abstract: Based on the Christoffel equation, using the relationship between the composite stiffness matrix and the elastic constant, the orthotropic model was applied to the acoustic properties of 2D-C/SiC composites, and the expression of the material sound velocity was obtained. Through the cyclic loading and unloading test, the sound velocity changes at different stress levels during the entire tensile process were measured. The damage characterization of the sound velocity on the 2D-C/SiC composite was studied. The results show that as the stress level continues to increase, the sound velocity gradually decreases, and the material The degree of damage has a greater impact on the propagation speed of sound waves in the 2D-C/SiC composite; the unloading modulus and reloading modulus are introduced to replace the sound velocity theory to calculate the tangent modulus. It is found that the theoretical results are in good agreement with the test results, and the error increases with the increase of load; The sound wave velocity decreases with the damage of the 2D-C/SiC composite, and based on this attenuation relationship, the damage characterization based on the sound velocity was established.
- 2D-C/SiC composites /
- acoustic emission /
- damage /
- mechanism /
- acoustic wave velocity

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图 1 坐标示意图

Figure 1. Schematic representation of coordinates

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图 2 材料力学方向示意图

Figure 2. Schematic diagram of mechanical direction

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图 3 时差定位法定位示意图

Figure 3. Diagram of location of acoustic emission source (Located between probes)

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图 4 时差Δt计算示意图

Figure 4. Schematic of time difference Δt calculation

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图 5 试验加载示意图

Figure 5. Diagram of test loading

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图 6 频率为300 kHz的五周期正弦调制信号

Figure 6. Five-cycle sinusoidal modulation signal at 300 kHz

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图 7 不同密度的2D-C/SiC 复合材料拉伸加卸载应力-应变曲线

Figure 7. Tensile plus unloading stress-strain curves of 2D-C/SiC composite with three densities

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图 8 不同密度的2D-C/SiC 复合材料声速随应力-时间的变化

Figure 8. Stress-temporal variation of sound velocity of 2D-C/SiC composite with three densities

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图 9 不同密度的2D-C/SiC 复合材料声速随加卸载次数变化

Figure 9. Variation of sound velocity of 2D-C/SiC composites with the number of loading and unloading times for different densities

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图 10 模量定义示意图

Figure 10. Schematic of modulus definition

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图 11 不同密度的2D-C/SiC 复合材料试验声速值与理论值对比

Figure 11. Sound velocity values versus theoretical values of 2D-C/SiC composite with three densities

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图 12 不同密度的2D-C/SiC 复合材料试件试验声速值与理论值误差

Figure 12. Error plot of 2D-C/SiC composite with three densities between theoretical values and sound velocity values

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图 13 不同密度的2D-C/SiC复合材料的拉伸损伤

Figure 13. Tensile damage in 2D-C/SiC composite with three densities

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表 1 试验测得的三种密度2D-C/SiC复合材料力学性能

Table 1. Experimentally measured mechanical properties of 2D-C/SiC composite with three densities

Density ρ/(g·cm⁻³)	Width/mm	Thickness/mm	Modulus/GPa	Strength/MPa	Fracture strain/10⁻⁶	Poisson ratio
1.82	15	3.6	123.55	233.27	3906	0.037
1.87	15	3.6	128.01	264.42	4076	0.049
2.00	15	3.6	146.42	280.56	4315	0.030

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表 2 不同密度的2D-C/SiC 复合材料的声速特征

Table 2. Sound velocity characteristics of 2D-C/SiC composite with three densities

Density/(g·cm⁻³)	V_max/(m·s⁻¹)	V_min/(m·s⁻¹)	ΔV/(m·s⁻¹)
1.82	7785	6399	1386
1.87	7850	5900	1950
2.00	8134	5300	2834

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表 3 三种不同密度的2D-C/SiC复合材料材料的最大损伤变量

Table 3. Maximum damage variables of 2D-C/SiC composite with three densities

Density/(g·cm⁻³)	d_1max/(m·s⁻¹)	d_2max/(m·s⁻¹)
1.82	0.395	0.310
1.87	0.428	0.376
2.00	0.572	0.438

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