An evaluation method for uncertainty in failure load of CFRP composite bolted joints
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摘要: 螺栓连接是先进复合材料结构的薄弱环节。因此,螺栓连接力学性能显著的不确定性不仅阻碍了先进复合材料的高效应用,且给整体结构的安全性和可靠性带来威胁。为定量评估碳纤维增强树脂(CFRP)复合材料螺栓连接失效载荷的不确定性,将数值的渐进损伤模型和区间分析方法结合,提出了一种高效、准确的分析方法。采用该方法预测了典型T800碳纤维/X850环氧树脂复合材料螺栓连接失效载荷的不确定性,并与试验结果进行对比。预测结果与试验结果的误差不超过2%,证明本文所提出方法的有效性。采用本文所提方法预测的T800碳纤维/X850环氧树脂复合材料螺栓连接失效载荷的区间为[19.25 kN, 22.75 kN],与设计期望值的偏差为[−9.8%, 6.6%]。Abstract: Bolted joints are the weak points of composite structures. Therefore, the considerable uncertainty in mechanical properties of the bolted joints not only prevents advanced composites from efficient applications, but also threatens the safety and reliability of the structures. In order to quantitatively evaluate the uncertainty in failure load of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composite bolted joints, an efficient and accurate analysis method was proposed based on the numerical progressive damage model and interval analysis method. The proposed method was used to predict the uncertain failure load of T800 carbon fiber/X850 epoxy composite bolted joint. The predicted results were compared with the experimental outcome. The small error less than 2% between the predicted and experimental results validates the effectiveness of the proposed method. According to the predicted results, the interval of failure load of the T800 carbon fiber/X850 epoxy composite bolted joint is [19.25 kN, 22.75 kN] with the deviations from the design expected values of [−9.8%, 6.6%].
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Key words:
- CFRP composite /
- bolted joint /
- failure load /
- uncertainty /
- progressive damage model /
- interval analysis
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表 2 T800碳纤维/X850环氧树脂复合材料基本力学性能的平均值
Table 2. Means of basic material properties of T800 carbon fiber/X850 epoxy composites
Elastic parameter E11 E22 G12 ν12 Value/GPa 195 8.58 4.57 0.33 Strength parameter XT XC YT YC S12 Value/MPa 3071 1747 88 271 143 Notes: E11—Longitudinal elastic modulus; E22—Transverse elastic modulus; G12—Longitudinal transverse shear modulus; ν12—Longitudinal transverse Poisson’s ratio; XT—Longitudinal tensile strength; XC—Longitudinal compressive strength; YT—Transverse tensile strength; YC—Transverse compressive strength; S12—Longitudinal transverse shear strength. 表 1 T800碳纤维/X850环氧树脂复合材料层压板几何尺寸和铺层角度
Table 1. Geometrical dimensions and fiber orientation angles of T800 carbon fiber/X850 epoxy composite laminate
Geometrical dimension w Sw e D tply Value/mm 30 15 15 4.76 0.185 Fiber orientation angle θ1 θ2 θ3 θ4 Value/(°) 0 90 45 −45 Notes: w—Width of laminate; Sw—Edge distance of laminate; e—End distance of lamiante; D—Diameter of hole in laminate; tply—Thickness of laminate; θ1, θ2, θ3, θ4—Fiber orientation angles of laminate. 表 3 影响T800碳纤维/X850环氧树脂复合材料螺栓连接失效载荷的关键参数的区间
Table 3. Intervals of key parameters affecting failure load of T800 carbon fiber/X850 epoxy composite bolted joint
Variable X Normal distribution[16] Interval μ σ [μ−3σ, μ+3σ] XC/MPa 1747 65.8 [1550, 1944] tply/mm 0.185 0.004 [0.173, 0.197] E11/GPa 195 3.8 [184, 206] Notes: µ—Expected value of normal distribution; σ—Standard deviation of normal distribution. 表 4 T800碳纤维/X850环氧树脂复合材料螺栓连接失效载荷Pult不确定性的计算方案
Table 4. Calculation scheme for uncertain failure load Pult of T800 carbon fiber/X850 epoxy composite bolted joint
Case XC/MPa tply/mm E11/GPa Pult/kN A 1747 0.185 195 Expected B 1550 0.173 206 Lower bound C 1944 0.197 184 Upper bound 表 5 单向纤维增强树脂复合材料的材料性能退化模型
Table 5. Material property degradation model of unidirectional fiber reinforced resin composites
Failure mode Degradation scheme Fiber tension $E_{11}^{\rm{d}} = {d_{{\rm{ft}}}}{E_{11}}$ Fiber compression $E_{11}^{\rm{d}} = {d_{{\rm{fc}}}}{E_{11}}$ Matrix tension $E_{{\rm{22}}}^{\rm{d}} = {d_{{\rm{mt}}}}{E_{22}}$, $G_{{\rm{12}}}^{\rm{d}} = {d_{{\rm{mt}}}}{G_{12}}$, $G_{{\rm{23}}}^{\rm{d}} = {d_{{\rm{mt}}}}{G_{23}}$, $\nu _{{\rm{12}}}^{\rm{d}} = {d_{{\rm{mt}}}}{\nu _{12}}$, $\nu _{{\rm{23}}}^{\rm{d}} = {d_{{\rm{mt}}}}{\nu _{23}}$ Matrix compression $E_{{\rm{22}}}^{\rm{d}} = {d_{{\rm{mc}}}}{E_{22}}$, $G_{{\rm{12}}}^{\rm{d}} = {d_{{\rm{mc}}}}{G_{12}}$, $G_{{\rm{23}}}^{\rm{d}} = {d_{{\rm{mc}}}}{G_{23}}$, $\nu _{{\rm{12}}}^{\rm{d}} = {d_{{\rm{mc}}}}{\nu _{12}}$, $\nu _{{\rm{23}}}^{\rm{d}} = {d_{{\rm{mc}}}}{\nu _{23}}$ Fiber-matrix shear-out $G_{{\rm{12}}}^{\rm{d}} = {d_{{\rm{fm1}}}}{G_{12}}$, $G_{{\rm{13}}}^{\rm{d}} = {d_{{\rm{fm1}}}}{G_{13}}$, $G_{{\rm{23}}}^{\rm{d}} = {d_{{\rm{fm2}}}}{G_{23}}$, $\nu _{{\rm{12}}}^{\rm{d}} = {d_{{\rm{fm1}}}}{\nu _{12}}$, $\nu _{{\rm{13}}}^{\rm{d}} = {d_{{\rm{fm1}}}}{\nu _{13}}$, $\nu _{{\rm{23}}}^{\rm{d}} = {d_{{\rm{fm2}}}}{\nu _{23}}$ Interlaminar tension $E_{{\rm{33}}}^{\rm{d}} = {d_{{\rm{dt}}}}{E_{33}}$, $G_{{\rm{13}}}^{\rm{d}} = {d_{{\rm{dt}}}}{G_{13}}$, $G_{{\rm{23}}}^{\rm{d}} = {d_{{\rm{dt}}}}{G_{23}}$, $\nu _{{\rm{13}}}^{\rm{d}} = {d_{{\rm{dt}}}}{\nu _{13}}$, $\nu _{{\rm{23}}}^{\rm{d}} = {d_{{\rm{dt}}}}{\nu _{23}}$ Interlaminar compression $E_{{\rm{33}}}^{\rm{d}} = {d_{{\rm{dc}}}}{E_{33}}$, $G_{{\rm{13}}}^{\rm{d}} = {d_{{\rm{dc}}}}{G_{13}}$, $G_{{\rm{23}}}^{\rm{d}} = {d_{{\rm{dc}}}}{G_{23}}$, $\nu _{{\rm{13}}}^{\rm{d}} = {d_{{\rm{dc}}}}{\nu _{13}}$, $\nu _{{\rm{23}}}^{\rm{d}} = {d_{{\rm{dc}}}}{\nu _{23}}$ 表 6 T800碳纤维/X850环氧树脂复合材料螺栓连接失效载荷的区间及相对设计期望值的偏差
Table 6. Intervals and deviations of predicted and experimental failure loads of T800 carbon fiber/ X850 epoxy composite bolted joint
Case Interval/[kN, kN] Deviation from expected Experimental [19.00, 22.34] [−9.6%, 6.3%] Predicted [19.25, 22.75] [−9.8%, 6.6%] -
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